Investigations of Pathologists as a Key to Understanding Coronavirus Disease 2019

Menter, Thomas; Tzankov, Alexandar

doi:10.1159/000513602

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the context of the current pandemic situation, it is important to note that in acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) there are histopathological signs of maternal and fetal malperfusion present in 100% and 40% of cases, respectively [ 10 ]. Based on these facts we can hypothesize an increasing incidence of PAIS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Aspiration Thrombectomy in a 2-day-old Neonate with Perinatal Stroke

2021

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Aspiration Thrombectomy in a 2-day-old Neonate with Perinatal Stroke

2021

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“…It is known that, even if patients received anticoagulation therapy, the coronavirus infection was often accompanied by the formation of microthrombi and thrombosis associated with the impaired balance of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, which can hardly be corrected by drugs [ 82 , 83 ]. It is supposed that the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation play an important role in COVID-19 outcomes and determine the range of long-term effects [ 84 ].…”

Section: Role Of Proteinases In the Development Of Coronavirus Infec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequent symptoms of acute COVID-19 are hyperinflammation localized in the bronchopulmonary system, followed by cough, dyspnea (shortness of breath), pneumonia, the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure. The respiratory failure associated with exudative diffuse alveolar damage and massive capillary congestion is the main cause of death in 70% of fatal outcomes of COVID-19 [ 83 ]. With respect to pathogenesis, these complications can be a consequence of direct invasion of the virus into tissues, hyperinflammation and “cytokine storm”, immune system disorder, hypercoagulable state, or a combination of these factors.…”

Section: Role Of Proteinases In the Development Of Coronavirus Infec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteolysis and Deficiency of α1-Proteinase Inhibitor in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Акбашева

Spirina

Dyakov

et al. 2022

Biochem. Moscow Suppl. Ser. B

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had stimulated the emergence of numerous publications on the α 1 -proteinase inhibitor (α 1 -PI, α 1 -antitrypsin), especially when it was found that the regions of high mortality corresponded to the regions with deficient α 1 -PI alleles. By analogy with the data obtained in the last century, when the first cause of the genetic deficiency of α 1 -antitrypsin leading to elastase activation in pulmonary emphysema was proven, it can be supposed that proteolysis hyperactivation in COVID-19 may be associated with the impaired functions of α 1 -PI. The purpose of this review was to systematize the scientific data and critical directions for translational studies on the role of α 1 -PI in SARS-CoV-2-induced proteolysis hyperactivation as a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target. This review describes the proteinase-dependent stages of viral infection: the reception and penetration of the virus into a cell and the imbalance of the plasma aldosterone–angiotensin–renin, kinin, and blood clotting systems. The role of ACE2, TMPRSS, ADAM17, furin, cathepsins, trypsin- and elastase-like serine proteinases in the virus tropism, the activation of proteolytic cascades in blood, and the COVID-19-dependent complications is considered. The scientific reports on α 1 -PI involvement in the SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation, the relationship with the severity of infection and comorbidities were analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the acquired α 1 -PI deficiency in assessing the state of patients with proteolysis overactivation and chronic non-inflammatory diseases, which are accompanied by the risk factors for comorbidity progression and the long-term consequences of COVID-19. Essential data on the search and application of protease inhibitor drugs in the therapy for bronchopulmonary and cardiovascular pathologies were analyzed. The evidence of antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and anti-apoptotic effects of α 1 -PI, as well as the prominent data and prospects for its application as a targeted drug in the SARS-CoV-2 acquired pneumonia and related disorders, are presented.

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“…Coagulation system disorders are the leading pathogenetic syndrome associated with complications. COVID-19 is often accompanied by microthrombi formation, even if patients received anticoagulation therapy (Menter et al, 2021) and thrombosis, contributing some cancer patients increases their risk of infection compared with the general population (Al-Quteimat et al, 2020). The susceptibility of patients with cancer to SARS-CoV-2 infection is reflected in the morbidity and mortality, and it differs depending on the cancer type, staging, and therapeutics.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Post-diseases Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV2 Infection and Comorbidities, Role in Oncogenesis

Spirina

Masunova

Masunov

et al. 2022

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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The widespread infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) significantly impacts major human diseases. It is undoubtedly evident that cancer patients are more susceptible to the infection and at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 than the general population. Moreover, the rise in cancers incidence is waiting in the Globe as a long-term effect of post-COVID-19 complications. Multiple mostly unknown mechanisms participate and determine the oncogenic impact of virus-induced transformation. Imbalance in oncogenesis is considered critical in cancer development. Modified immunogenicity and metabolic features emerge as pivotal in COVID-19 pathogenesis and the organism system's response. The molecular mechanisms of the onset of the metabolic disorder have not yet been fully elucidated. The pathology is complicated, multifactorial, and emerging in various processes. Preventive anticancer therapy taking into account the change in metabolic processes, helps them respond better to anti-COVID-19 treatment than relying only on antiviral drugs. The modified therapeutic algorithm was provided to reduce the likelihood of post-acute complications in patients with preexisting pathologies and the onset of other chronic pathologies and cancers.

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Investigations of Pathologists as a Key to Understanding Coronavirus Disease 2019

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Mechanical and Aspiration Thrombectomy in a 2-day-old Neonate with Perinatal Stroke

Mechanical and Aspiration Thrombectomy in a 2-day-old Neonate with Perinatal Stroke

Proteolysis and Deficiency of α1-Proteinase Inhibitor in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

SARS-CoV2 Infection and Comorbidities, Role in Oncogenesis

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