Investigations of chemical fraction of Co and Ni in industrial fly ash and mobility of metals in environmental conditions

Sočo, Eleonora; Kalembkiewicz, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.077

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Several studies [10,53,65] indicated the association of Cr with the iron-rich mineral phases of fly ash. Sočo and Kalembkiewicz [63] found the following order of Cr content in coal ash: exchangeable (2.5 mg/kg) b carbonate bound (4.0 mg/kg) b FeMn oxides (16.0 mg/kg) b organic matter and sulfides bound (8.5 mg/kg) b residual (41.6 mg/kg). Absence of soluble forms of Cr is probably due to its low affinity with chloride; Cr mainly bounds with oxides or carbonates [35].…”

Section: Chromiummentioning

confidence: 98%

“…2). In a coal FA, Sočo and Kalembkiewicz [63] found Co fractions in the following order: soluble in water b soluble in acids b oxide b sulfide b residue. Though normally Co is thought to be associated with sulfides and clays, a portion of Co in water soluble fractions was observed for coal ash [64].…”

Section: Cobaltmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Similarly, Pöykiö et al [72] while studying the pulp and paper mill ash found that the water soluble Ni fraction was b0.1 mg/kg. In general, low concentrations of Ni in water-soluble fractions and the bulk of Ni is mainly associated with sulphide and residual fractions [63,73,74].…”

Section: Nickelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PAHs and potentially toxic elements in the fly ash and bed ash of biomass fired power plants

Masto

Sarkar

George

et al. 2015

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Section: Chromiummentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Cobaltmentioning

confidence: 98%

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PAHs and potentially toxic elements in the fly ash and bed ash of biomass fired power plants

Masto

Sarkar

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et al. 2015

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“…On the contrary, all recent research, reviewed below, provides evidence for toxic effects of Ni(II) in human body. [60,62]. Nickel is bioavailable from ROFA to airways and may be partially responsible for acute toxic effects of ROFA inhalations, as determined using experiments on cell lines and laboratory animals [63][64][65][66][67][68].…”

Section: Exposures To Nickelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Molecular Toxicology of Cadmium and Nickel

Kurowska

Bal

2010

Advances in Molecular Toxicology

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22-658-4636 these two elements are likely. Yet, the awareness of their toxic properties seems to be limited, compared to that related to lead and mercury. 2. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ROUTES OF EXPOSURE TO CADMIUM AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 2.1. Chemical Properties of Cadmium Cadmium, element no. 48, belongs to the 12th group of the periodic table (together with zinc and mercury), due to its electron configuration [Kr]4d 10 5s 2. Natural cadmium is a mixture of eight isotopes with isotopic masses between 106 and 116. Its standard atomic weight is 112.41 Da. In its elemental metallic form Cd is soft and malleable at room temperature. It undergoes passivation in contact with oxygen, being covered with a layer of cadmium oxide. Chemistry of cadmium includes 0, +1 and +2 oxidation states, however, only Cd(II) compounds are stable under ambient conditions. In complexes Cd(II) coordination numbers vary from 2 to 8, with 4 (tetrahedral) and 6 (octahedral) being the most frequent ones [10]. The d-electron shell of Cd(II) is filled, therefore, its chemical behavior is similar to that of main group rather than transition metals. Cd(II) is a moderately soft metal ion, forming particularly strong bonds with thiolates, but can also interact effectively with oxygen and nitrogen donors [11, 12]. Consequently, CdS and CdO are the most important binary Cd(II) compounds. Thiolate Cd(II) complexes are tetrahedral, and isostructural with Zn(II) complexes [11, 13]. Higher coordination numbers are encountered in oxygen donor environments, by analogy to Ca(II) [11]. 2.2. Chemical Properties of Nickel Nickel, element no. 28 belongs to the 10th group of the periodic table (together with palladium and platinum), due to its electron configuration [Ar]3d 8 4s 2. Natural nickel is a mixture of five stable isotopes with isotopic masses between 58 and 64, with 58 and 60 being

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“…The heavy metals released from waste PCBs may be ascribed to the solidification of heavy metals or their conversion into insoluble compounds, such as oxides, through aR washing. Metals associated with acid-soluble fractions are more likely to be released than those associated with stable oxide forms [31][32][33]. in addition, the release of contaminants from waste is affected by a large number of physical (e.g., particle size, temperature, mode of contact with water, porosity, solubility, composition, and microstructure) and chemical (e.g., ph, redox, ionic strength, sorption properties, complexing agents, and reaction kinetics) parameters [34].…”

Section: Figure 2 Cu (A) Pb (B) and Zn (C) Contents Of The Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals from Waste Printed Circuit Boards through Column Testing with Simulated Acid Rain

Zhao¹,

Luo²,

Qiao³

et al. 2017

JRST

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Waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) contain various heavy metals; hence, randomly discarded PCBs in open fields induce probable environmental risks when precipitation occurs, particularly acid rain (AR). We applied the column leaching method under simulated AR leaching to study the leaching characteristics of Cu, Pb and Zn in waste PCBs. Cu and Pb were easily leached by AR (pH 2 and 3) but not by distilled water (pH 5.6; CK treatment). By contrast, Zn could be leached readily even in CK treatment. AR with low pH exerted good leaching effects on Cu, Pb, and Zn. The heavy metal contents in the leachates were in the order of Cu > Pb > Zn. The maximum leaching concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn were 34.7, 4.06, and 1.15 mg/L, respectively, which are higher than drinking water standard set by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Therefore, waste PCBs can be considered a new source of heavy metal and pose potential environmental risks.

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Investigations of chemical fraction of Co and Ni in industrial fly ash and mobility of metals in environmental conditions

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

PAHs and potentially toxic elements in the fly ash and bed ash of biomass fired power plants

PAHs and potentially toxic elements in the fly ash and bed ash of biomass fired power plants

Recent Advances in Molecular Toxicology of Cadmium and Nickel

Investigation of the Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals from Waste Printed Circuit Boards through Column Testing with Simulated Acid Rain

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