Investigations of acute effects of polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride micro- and nanoplastics in an advanced in vitro triple culture model of the healthy and inflamed intestine

Busch, Mathias; Bredeck, Gerrit; Kämpfer, Angela A. M.; Schins, Roel P. F.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.110536

Cited by 86 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Others have shown that amine-modified polystyrene nanobeads of 50 nm did induce IL-1β production in THP-1 macrophages at concentrations of 5-10 µg/cm 2 , whereas no such effect was found for polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride nanobeads of similar sizes. In addition it would be beneficial to harmonize dosimetry to allow comparison of data (Busch et al, 2021). The concentrations in our experiments correspond between 2.1 µg/cm 2 (5.6 µg/mL) and 506 µg/cm 2 (1,350 µg/mL), which means that our results are in accordance with those found by Busch et al (2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Relationship Between Particle Properties and Immunotoxicological Effects of Environmentally-Sourced Microplastics

Beijer¹,

Dehaut²,

Carlier³

et al. 2022

Front. Water

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BackgroundConcerns on microplastics (MPs) in food are increasing because of our increased awareness of daily exposure and our knowledge gap on their potential adverse health effects. When particles are ingested, macrophages play an important role in scavenging them, potentially leading to an unwanted immune response. To elucidate the adverse effects of MPs on human health, insights in the immunotoxicity of MPs are essential.ObjectivesTo assess the effect of environmentally collected ocean and land weathered MP particles on the immunological response of macrophages using a state-of-the art in vitro immunotoxicity assay specifically designed for measuring particle toxicity.MethodsEnvironmentally-weathered macroplastic samples were collected from the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and from the French coastal environment. Macroplastics were identified using (micro)Raman-spectrometry, FT-IR and Py-GC-MS and cryo-milled to obtain size-fractionated samples up to 300 μm. Physiochemical MP properties were characterized using phase contrast microscopy, gel-permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and differential scanning colorimetry. Macrophages (differentiated THP-1 cells) were exposed to particles (<300 μm) for 48 h before assessment of cell viability and cytokine release. Using both the physiochemical particle properties and biological data, we performed multi-dimensional data analysis to explore relationships between particle properties and immunotoxicological effects.ResultsWe investigated land-derived polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate, water-derived polypropylene macroplastics, and virgin polyethylene fibers and nylon MPs. The different plastic polymeric compositions and MP size classes induced distinct cytokine responses. Macrophages had the largest response to polyethylene terephthalate-particle exposure, including a dose-related increase in IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α secretion. Smaller MPs induced cytokine production at lower concentrations. Additionally, a relationship between both physical and chemical particle properties and the inflammatory response of macrophages was found.DiscussionThis research shows that MP exposure could lead to an inflammatory response in vitro, depending on MP material and size. Whether this implies a risk to human health needs to be further explored.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Relationship Between Particle Properties and Immunotoxicological Effects of Environmentally-Sourced Microplastics

Beijer¹,

Dehaut²,

Carlier³

et al. 2022

Front. Water

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“…On the other hand, the intestine microflora and nutritional factors can also affect intestine barrier function through the modification of the ex-pression of tight junction proteins and their location (Ulluwishewa et al, 2011). Besides, similar to the aforementioned disturbances in the epithelial barrier integrity, proinflammatory cytokine releases were reported in epithelial cell cultures exposed to food contaminants, micro-and nanoplastics (Pinton et al, 2009;Busch et al, 2021). Thus, the mechanisms that are responsible for epithelial cell intercellular adhesion and intestine barrier function are susceptible targets for xenobiotics including pesticides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Low doses of imidacloprid induce disruption of intercellular adhesion and initiate proinflammatory changes in Caco-2 cells

Nedzvetsky

Масюк

Gasso

et al. 2021

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Imidacloprid is the most widely used pesticide of the neonicotinoid class. Neonicotinoid toxicities against various insects are well known. Nevertheless, there are rising evidences that neonicotinoids exert cytotoxic effects on different non-target organisms including mammals, fish, birds etc. Besides, depending on pesticide application, the exposed plants absorb some part of used neonicotinoids and their residues are detected in agricultural products worldwide. Thus, the continuous consumption of fruits and vegetables contaminated with neonicotinoids is a high risk factor for humans despite the low doses. Intestine epithelial cells are the first targets of the neonicotinoid cytotoxicity in humans because of its direct way of administration. The epithelial cells provide the barrier function of the intestinal system via specialized intercellular adhesion. The effects of imidacloprid on the intestine barrier function and inflammatory cytokines production are still unknown. In the present study, we exposed the human Caucasian colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) epithelial cells to low doses (0.10–0.75 µg/mL) of imidacloprid in order to assess the expression of tight and adherens junctions proteins, occludin and E-cadherin, and production of proinflammatory cytokine TNF α and iNOS. Imidacloprid induced dose-dependent decline in both occludin and E-cadherin levels. By contrast, TNF-α and iNOS contents were upregulated in imidacloprid-exposed Caco-2 cells. Decrease in tight and adherens junctions proteins indicates that the barrier function of intestine epithelial cells could be damaged by imidacloprid administration. In addition, TNF-α and iNOS upregulation indicates that imidacloprid is potent to activate proinflammatory response in enterocytes. Thus, imidacloprid can affect intestine barrier function through the increase of proinflammatory cytokine production and decrease in adhesiveness of enterocytes. The further assessment of the role of adhesion proteins and inflammatory cytokines in neonicotinoid pesticide cytotoxicity as it affects enterocyte barrier function is required to highlight the risk factor of use of neonicotinoids.

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“…PS-NH 2 NPs accumulated more than bare PS NPs in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, and caused greater oxidative damage than PS-COOH NPs in HepG2 cells (He et al, 2020). PS-NH 2 NPs increased the cytotoxicity and induced cell apoptosis of human BEAS-2B (Chiu et al, 2015), Calu-3 (Paget et al, 2015), Caco-2 (Walczak et al, 2015;Busch et al, 2020), HT29-MTX-E12 (Inkielewicz-Stepniak et al, 2018), THP-1 cell lines (Fuchs et al, 2016;Hesler et al, 2019), and human alveolar cells (Roshanzadeh et al, 2020). On the contrary, bare PS NPs and PS-COOH NPs did not or were in a lesser extent.…”

Section: Animals and Mammalian/human Cells In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Functional Group Modification on the Toxicity of Nanoplastics

et al. 2022

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Nanoplastics (NPs) are ubiquitous in harvested organisms at various trophic levels, and more concerns on their diverse responses and wide species-dependent sensitivity are continuously increasing. However, systematic study on the toxic effects of NPs with different functional group modifications is still limited. In this review, we gathered and analyzed the toxic effects of NPs with different functional groups on microorganisms, plants, animals, and mammalian/human cells in vitro. The corresponding toxic mechanisms were also described. In general, most up-to-date relevant studies focus on amino (−NH2) or carboxyl (−COOH)-modified polystyrene (PS) NPs, while research on other materials and functional groups is lacking. Positively charged PS-NH2 NPs induced stronger toxicity than negatively charged PS-COOH. Plausible toxicity mechanisms mainly include membrane interaction and disruption, reactive oxygen species generation, and protein corona and eco-corona formations, and they were influenced by surface charges of NPs. The effects of NPs in the long-term exposure and in the real environment world also warrant further study.

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Investigations of acute effects of polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride micro- and nanoplastics in an advanced in vitro triple culture model of the healthy and inflamed intestine

Cited by 86 publications

References 75 publications

Relationship Between Particle Properties and Immunotoxicological Effects of Environmentally-Sourced Microplastics

Relationship Between Particle Properties and Immunotoxicological Effects of Environmentally-Sourced Microplastics

Low doses of imidacloprid induce disruption of intercellular adhesion and initiate proinflammatory changes in Caco-2 cells

Influence of Functional Group Modification on the Toxicity of Nanoplastics

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