Investigations into the role of reovirus in the malabsorption syndrome

Kouwenhoven, B.; Vertommen, M.; Goren, E

doi:10.1080/03079458808436510

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This indicates that the reovirus alone cannot cause the same intestinal lesions as those found in MAS. Our results are in accordance with other studies that indicate that one cannot reproduce common features of MAS by using MAS-associated ARVs alone [2,11]. In contrast to our study, however, other investigators showed that reoviruses isolated from MAS chickens could induce weight gain depression [27,28] with intestinal lesions [20] in broilers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The gastrointestinal lesions generally include proventriculitis and enteritis with cellular infiltration, cystic crypts of Lieberkühn, villus atrophy and villus fusion [19]. Avian reoviruses (ARVs) have been associated with MAS, both in field surveys [5,6,12,27] and in controlled experiments [11,22]. ARVs are also associated with disease conditions like tenosynovitis [3,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteropathogenicity of Dutch and German avian reoviruses in SPF white leghorn chickens and broilers

Songserm

Roozelaar²,

Kant³

et al. 2003

Vet. Res.

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-The enteropathogenicity of avian reoviruses (ARVs), isolated from chickens affected with malabsorption syndrome (MAS) from The Netherlands and Germany was studied. In the first trial seven different ARVs isolated from MAS cases were inoculated in 1-day-old specific pathogenic free (SPF) white leghorns. The pathogenicity was compared with 2 ARVs isolated from cases of tenosynovitis, namely reference strain S1133 and a Dutch strain. Although a difference in the severity of the clinical disease was observed, all reoviruses could induce vacuolar degeneration and sloughing of the epithelium of the small intestine at day 2 post inoculation (PI) till day 7 PI. Two Dutch and one German ARV derived from MAS causing the most severe intestinal lesions at day 2 PI, were further studied in the second trial using SPF broilers. These reoviruses did not cause weight gain depression in the broilers although lesions in the small intestine were present from day 1 up to day 4 PI and were more severe than in the white leghorn chickens. In one of the inoculated groups apical denuded villi were already present at day 1 PI. At day 7 PI the small intestine of the infected broilers appeared to be normal. Reovirus antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of the enterocytes at the tip and middle section of the affected villi both in layers and in broilers. To study the role of intestinal CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells and macrophages/monocytes in the pathogenesis of ARV, the numbers of these cells of the jejunal villi of one infected and the control broiler groups were compared. CD4 + T-cells were detected in low numbers and only in the infected broiler group at day 14 PI. The numbers of CD8 + T-cells and macrophages/monocytes were significantly higher in the infected broiler group than in the control broiler group at day 7 and 14 PI and at day 7 PI respectively. Our study indicates that the reovirus alone cannot induce intestinal lesions as found in MAS chickens. Moreover, CD8 + T-cells may play a major role in the pathogenesis and or reovirus clearance in the small intestine. malabsorption syndrome / runting-stunting syndrome / reovirus / enteropathogenicity / chicken

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteropathogenicity of Dutch and German avian reoviruses in SPF white leghorn chickens and broilers

Songserm

Roozelaar²,

Kant³

et al. 2003

Vet. Res.

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“…However they show a wide heterogeneity in pathogenicity. ARVs have been isolated from chickens without any clinical signs of disease, but they are also associated with disease conditions such as tenosynovitis and malabsorption syndrome (MAS) [3,4,10,16,17]. Although the relationship between reovirus and tenosynovitis is well-established [16], a causative role is less clear in MAS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Dutch and German avian reoviruses by sequencing the ? C protein

Kant¹,

Balk

Born

et al. 2003

Vet. Res.

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-We have amplified, cloned and sequenced (part of) the open reading frame of the S1 segment encoding the σ C protein of avian reoviruses isolated from chickens with different disease conditions in Germany and The Netherlands during 1980 up to 2000. These avian reoviruses were analysed phylogenetically and compared with sequences of avian reoviruses in the Genbank database. The avian reoviruses could be grouped in 5 different genotyping clusters and this classification was identical when the sequences were compared of the 5' end, the 3' end or the whole open reading frame of the σ C protein. Therefore sequencing of either part of the gene encoding the σ C protein seems to be reliable for classification. We were unable to identify a correlation between σ C sequences of the avian reoviruses and the disease condition they were isolated from. The sequences found in The Netherlands and in Germany are, like those in Taiwan, more dispersed than the known avian reovirus σ C sequences in the USA and Australia. We did not establish temporal or geographic differences in the avian reoviruses studied. avian reovirus / malabsorption syndrome / tenosynovitis / σ C gene / genotype

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“…Several viruses including reovirus, parvovirus and enterovirus have been incriminated (Bracewell & Wyeth, 1981;Farmer & Taylor, 1985;Frazier et al, 1986;Kisary et al, 1984;Kouwenhoven et al, 1988;McNulty et al, 1984;Page et al, 1982;Rosenberger, 1984;Van der Heide et a/.1981;Vertommen et al, 1980;Wyeth et al, 1981), but the aetiological role of these agents has not been defined, and is still uncertain. Reovirus have been most frequently isolated from affected birds, but the results of attempted experimental reproduction of the syndrome with the isolated viruses were inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors were able to reproduce only some clinical signs and lesions of the syndrome with reoviruses isolated from affected chickens (Hieronymus et al, 1983;Page et al, 1982;Rosenberger, 1986;Van der Heide et al, 1981;Vertommen et al, 1980;Wyeth et al, 1981) while others were unable to reproduce any specific pathological feature of RSS/MAS (Decaesstecker et al, 1986;McNulty et al, 1984;Meulemans et al, 1985). Kouwenhoven et al (1988) and Smart et al (1988) have suggested that reovirus is not the primary aetiological agent of RSS/MAS, but it may act as a trigger in the syndrome and indirectly contribute to the clinical signs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological and pathogenic characterization of avian reoviruses isolated in Quebec

1991

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SUMMARYReoviruses were isolated from intestinal contents of broiler chickens from nine flocks in Quebec with malabsorption syndrome. Serum neutralization test demonstrated the existence of antigenic differences between the isolates and the reference vaccine strain. The isolated reoviruses were inoculated orally and into the foot pad in one-day-old chicks, resulting in a transient, but significant depression in body weight gains. Chickens infected with isolate 615, showed in addition to growth problems, clinical signs and tissue lesions similar to those observed in field cases. When isolate 615 was inoculated into SPF chicks at one day of age, intestinal absorption of D-xylose in infected chicks at 7 days post-infection was significantly lower (P <0.05) than for corresponding controls. This study suggests the implication of some reovirus isolates, such as 615 which was serologically distinct from the vaccine strain S1133, as infectious agents associated with pathological conditions other than viral arthritis.

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Investigations into the role of reovirus in the malabsorption syndrome

Cited by 34 publications

References 7 publications

Enteropathogenicity of Dutch and German avian reoviruses in SPF white leghorn chickens and broilers

Enteropathogenicity of Dutch and German avian reoviruses in SPF white leghorn chickens and broilers

Classification of Dutch and German avian reoviruses by sequencing the ? C protein

Serological and pathogenic characterization of avian reoviruses isolated in Quebec

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