Investigation the Acute Effects of Sulfoxaflor Insecticide on Hematological and Immunological Parameters in Male Albino Rat Rattus Norvegicus

Abstract

Sulfoxaflor (SFX), classified as a sulfoximine insecticide, has been widely utilized on a global scale, leading to permanent human exposure. The study objective was to evaluate the potential hematological and immunological alterations induced by acute toxicity of SFX insecticide in male wistar rats. To attain these objectives, twenty male rats were randomly divided into two equal groups; the 1st group was used as a control group; the other group was exposed 1100 mg/kg body weight SFX by oral gavage for 48 hours, following by 30-day recovery period. Relative liver, thymus, and spleen weights, complete blood count and histological analysis of the thymus, liver, spleen, and Peyer patches were investigated. The results showed that SFX exposure resulted in a considerable reduction in RBCs, hemoglobin, HCT, and platelets following exposure to SFX for 48 hours. However, WBCs and neutrophils increased in the SFX-intoxicated group, while lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, and basophils decreased. Following a 30-day recovery period, there was a notable decrease in WBCs and neutrophils, while the number of RBCs, platelets, and hemoglobin levels increased. Histopathological examination of the thymus, liver, spleen, and Peyer patches indicated that SFX induced only a minor disruption. Nevertheless, the architecture of the bone marrow and lymph nodes was highly structured. Our data showed that the SFX's acute toxicity resulted in hemotoxic and immunotoxic alterations that were recoverable following a time of recuperation.