Investigation on β‐polypropylene/PP‐g‐MAH/surface treated talc composites

Abstract

Abstractβ‐Polypropylene composites containing talc treated by titanate coupling agent (T‐talc) and maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP‐g‐MAH) were prepared by melt compounding. The crystallization, morphology, and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical tests. It is found that β nucleating agent (NT‐C) induces the formation of β‐phase but T‐talc suppresses the formation of β‐modification. Both NT‐C and T‐talc greatly decrease the spherulitic size of PP. PP‐g‐MAH has a weak restraint on the formation of β‐form PP but it improves the compatibility between T‐talc and PP matrix. Izod notched impact strength of β‐PP/T‐talc composite is higher than that of PP/T‐talc composite at each loading, indicating the toughening effect of β‐PP. Incorporation of PP‐g‐MAH into β‐PP/T‐talc composite further increases the impact strength when T‐talc concentration is below 2.5 wt %. The non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics of β‐PP composites is well described by Jeziorny's and Mo's methods, respectively. The activation energies (ΔE) of non‐isothermal crystallization were calculated by Kissinger method. It is found that NT‐C and T‐talc accelerate the crystallization rate of PP but PP‐g‐MAH has a slightly negative influence on the crystallization rate of β‐PP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

Influence of a sorbitol‐based nucleating agent modified with silsesquioxanes on the non‐isothermal crystallization of isotactic polypropylene

“…The average values of n for pure, nucleated iPP and phPOSS modified samples were equal to 3.88; 3.73; and 5.37, correspondingly. As the first two values were close to 4 the process of thermal nucleation and three‐dimensional spherical growth could occur in such case . For all considered cooling rates of phPOSS modified samples, these values were significantly higher than for pure and nucleated iPP.…”

The influence of glass fibers on the morphology of β-nucleated isotactic polypropylene evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry

“…The characteristic morphology of β-spherulites, originating after mixing iPP with Ca-pimelate, is also clearly illustrated in Fig. The Avrami plots for BNP and the model BNP/glass fiber composites in the investigated region of crystallization temperatures, similarly to other β-nucleated systems, [42][43][44] were almost linear (Fig. The K β parameter determined from the XRD-patterns by the Turner-Jones method 35 was 0.94, while the U β -value calculated from the melting endotherm was 0.84 ( Fig.…”

Melting and crystallization behaviors, morphology, and mechanical properties of β‐polypropylene/polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride/calcium sulfate whisker composites

“…The β‐PP could be formed through CaCO 3 treated with pimelic acid (PA) and malonic acid (MA), wollastonite treated by PA and MA, mica treated by PA, eggshell modified by PA, zeolite modified by PA, montmorillonite modified by PA, as well as CaO and BaO treated by PA. Zhan et al found that multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) supporting N,N ′‐dicyclohexyl‐1,5‐diamino‐2,6‐naphthalenedicarboxamide could effectively induce the formation of β‐crystals in PP. Some researchers have introduced β‐nucleating agent into the PP matrix to create β‐PP, and β‐PP composites containing CaCO 3 , talc, mica, glass flake, organo‐montmorillonite, MWCNT, zeolite and inorganic fullerene‐like tungsten disulphide. Liu et al used halloysite nanotube (HNT) as a β‐nucleating agent, and the composite with 20 phr of HNT had the highest amount of β phases.…”