Investigation on the Relationship of Insulin Resistance and Ketosis in Dairy Cows

Shu, Chuang Xu Shi

doi:10.4172/2157-7579.1000162

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…In our study, the cows of the SK group tended to have a higher activity of GPx compared to the CON group and also the activity of SOD was numerically higher in this group. The increased oxidative stress in cows suffering by SCK was also observed by Xu et al [36]. Presumably, also increased inflammatory conditions associated with SCK could contribute to a higher production of oxygen radicals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The antioxidative enzymes GPx and SOD show an elevated activity in course of lactation, which is necessary to compensate the increased oxidative stress at this time. The mobilisation of body fat, associated with release of NEFA and the increased metabolic efforts to ensure high milk production, lead to elevated production of oxygen radicals [36,37]. In our study, the cows of the SK group tended to have a higher activity of GPx compared to the CON group and also the activity of SOD was numerically higher in this group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

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Effects of Energy Supply from Roughage and Concentrates and the Occurrence of Subclinical Ketosis on Blood Chemistry and Liver Health in Lactating Dairy Cows during Early Lactation

Schmitz

Schnabel

Frahm

et al. 2021

Dairy

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The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of varying dietary energy supply as well as the impacts of subclinical ketosis (SCK) on blood chemistry and liver health. A total 63 German-Holstein cows were housed from three weeks antepartum until sixteen weeks postpartum. After calving, cows were assigned to one of four treatment groups receiving either moderate or high energy concentrations in roughage and secondly moderate or high amounts of concentrates. Retrospectively, cows were additionally grouped according to their β-hydroxybutyrate concentration (SK: cows with SCK vs. CON: cows without SCK). The different energy supply of treatment groups had little effects on blood and liver variables; greater differences occurred between SK and CON cows. Liver fat content of SK cows was 34% higher compared to CON cows. Also, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase, bilirubin concentration, and percentage of granulocytes were increased in SK cows. The results indicate that cows were able to adjust their metabolism to different dietary energy supplies without having a clearly increased risks for metabolic disorders. However, individual animals of all groups developed a metabolic derailment during the postpartum period resulting in SCK, which is closely connected with impaired liver function, compromised immune-responsiveness, and elevated oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Effects of Energy Supply from Roughage and Concentrates and the Occurrence of Subclinical Ketosis on Blood Chemistry and Liver Health in Lactating Dairy Cows during Early Lactation

Schmitz

Schnabel

Frahm

et al. 2021

Dairy

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“…Although peripartum IR is an evolutionary adaptation of mammals to prioritize nutrient supply to placental and mammary cells over maternal reserves, thereby favoring offspring survival (Kampmann et al, 2019), increased IR is the key cause of metabolic disorders in periparturient humans (Miao et al, 2020). Also, several authors have found associations between IR and health disorders in transition cows and ewes (Opsomer et al, 1999;Duehlmeier et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2014). Thus, the development of methods to quantify IR has been widely explored.…”

Section: Short Communication Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of measures of insulin sensitivity in early-lactation dairy goats

Zamuner

Cameron²,

Leury

et al. 2021

JDS Communications

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This experiment aimed to examine the association between surrogate indices of insulin resistance (IR)-namely, the homeostasis model of IR (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), and revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI)-and measures of IR obtained from an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) performed in early-lactation dairy goats. Despite a moderately strong correlation between surrogate indices of IR and insulin area under the curve, we found no significant relationship between surrogate indices and measures of reduced insulin sensitivity, such as glucose clearance rate, glucose area under the curve, and insulin sensitivity index. Thus, our results suggest that surrogate indices of IR are not suitable for assessing the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissue in early-lactation goats. Highlights• There was no correlation between surrogate indices of IR and measures of insulin sensitivity derived from the IVGTT. • Surrogate indices were moderately correlated with measures of insulin secretion.• Surrogate indices of IR are not indicated for assessing peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity in early-lactation goats.

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“…Greater lipolysis in tissues takes place in order to compensate for the negative energy balance, but insulin resistance is also needed. Insulin resistance in ketosis is characterized by lower concentrations of insulin and glucose, reduced responsiveness of insulin to glucose, greater lipolysis in peripheral tissues, ketone body production and lower RQUICKI index values (HAYIRLI, 2006;XU et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic phosphorus decrease after intravenous glucose tolerance test is associated with insulin resistance in dairy cows

Cincović¹,

Đoković²,

Belić³

et al. 2017

Vet. arhiv

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: Inorganic phosphorus decrease after intravenous glucose tolerance test is associated with insulin resistance in dairy cows. Vet. arhiv 87, 409-418, 2017. ABSTRACTInorganic phosphorus (Pi) concentration in blood decreases during an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) due to the increase in the level of insulin and glucose. The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between the intensity of Pi decrease with a dynamic change of insulin and glucose during IVGTT (AUC -total area under curve, AUC increment -area under curve from start of IVGTT to time of maximal response and glucose CR-clearance rate), as well as RQUICKI (Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index) and RQUICKI-BHB (RQUICKI with beta hydroxybutyrate in formula) indexes of insulin resistance. The experiment included healthy and ketotic cows. Metabolic changes in ketotic cattle are similar to healthy cows in early lactation; ketosis represents impaired metabolic adaptation with higher insulin resistance. In both groups we found increases in insulin and glucose concentrations and Pi AUC during IVGTT, but these changes were less pronounced in the ketotic group. Ketotic cows showed a lower RQUICKI and RQUICKI-BHB index which indicates a higher level of insulin resistance. Pi AUC was in positive correlation with glucose response (glucose AUC), and this correlation is controlled with insulin response to glucose (insulin AUC). Pi AUC also showed a positive correlation with maximal glucose and insulin concentration during IVGTT, AUC and AUC increment for glucose and insulin, and glucose CR. These correlations were controlled by RQUICKI and RQUICKI-BHB indexes. The Pi decrease after the intravenous glucose tolerance test in dairy cows is associated with all aspects of insulin resistance, that include the insulin response to glucose (insulin AUC) and tissue response to insulin (RQUICKI and RQUICKI-BHB).

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Investigation on the Relationship of Insulin Resistance and Ketosis in Dairy Cows

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of Energy Supply from Roughage and Concentrates and the Occurrence of Subclinical Ketosis on Blood Chemistry and Liver Health in Lactating Dairy Cows during Early Lactation

Effects of Energy Supply from Roughage and Concentrates and the Occurrence of Subclinical Ketosis on Blood Chemistry and Liver Health in Lactating Dairy Cows during Early Lactation

Comparison of measures of insulin sensitivity in early-lactation dairy goats

Inorganic phosphorus decrease after intravenous glucose tolerance test is associated with insulin resistance in dairy cows

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