Investigation on quantitative and qualitative changes of groundwater resources using MODFLOW and MT3DMS: a case study of Hashtgerd aquifer, Iran

Rajaeian, Shiva; Ketabchi, Hamed; Ebadi, Taghi

doi:10.1007/s10668-022-02904-4

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The MODFLOW model is a physically based, distributed finite difference that operates in three dimensions and simulates variably saturated subsurface systems, which has been used and tested in various practical cases. , Available processes to be simulated in MODFLOW include groundwater recharge, vadose zone percolation evapotranspiration, pumping, and discharge to subsurface drains and river–aquifer interactions. − In addition, the model can effectively simulate the movement of groundwater flow, ions, and pollutants within the study area while also validating the simulation results and adjusting parameters based on measured data of relevant substances in the research site. , The Modflow model is contingent on the resolution of the diffusivity equation, represented by the following equation ∂ ∂ x ( K ∂ H ∂ X ) + ∂ ∂ y ( K ∂ H ∂ Y ) + ∂ ∂ Z ( K ∂ H ∂ Z ) + W = S y ∂ H ∂ t goodbreak0em1em⁣ ( x , y , z ) ∈ normalΩ , t > 0 H false( x , y , z , t false) false| t = 0 = H 0 ( x , y , z ) goodbreak0em1em⁣ ( x…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…45−47 In addition, the model can effectively simulate the movement of groundwater flow, ions, and pollutants within the study area while also validating the simulation results and adjusting parameters based on measured data of relevant substances in the research site. 48,49 The Modflow model is contingent on the resolution of the diffusivity equation, represented by the following equation 48 i k j j j j j y { z z z z z i k j j j j j y { z z z z z i k j j j j j y…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydrodynamic Groundwater Modeling and Hydrochemical Conceptualization of the Closure Mining Area of the WuMa River Watershed of China

Yang,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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The WuMa River (WMR) watershed is located in Renhuai City, Guizhou Province of China, which is a first-class tributary of the Chishui River. The geochemical investigation mainly included the determination of groundwater pH, total hardness, total dissolution solid, major cationic and anionic, and the geochemical groundwater modeling. The principal component analysis (PCA) and Gibbs model were used to analyze the pollution type and geochemical composition. The geochemical investigation results show that the cations of groundwater are dominated by Ca 2+ and the anions are dominated by HCO 3 − ; therefore, two main hydrochemical types in the study area are identified as Ca. The chemical composition of groundwater in this area is mainly controlled by weathering of the carbonate rocks. The ion concentration of groundwater in the study area exhibited significant spatial variability between dry and wet seasons, while temporal changes of cationic and anionic concentrations exhibited irregularities. In PCA and FA analysis, PC1, PC2, and PC3 were extracted, which could explain 51.92, 26.98, and 12.61% of the total information, respectively. F1 explained 67.44% of the total variance, among which Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , SO 4 2− , and Cl − contributed the most among the factors and were the main factors controlling the chemical composition of groundwater. The relative error between the measured water level and the simulated water level is less than 2%, which meets the requirements of simulation accuracy. During the simulation period of the model, a total recharge of 339.05 × 10 4 m 3 was observed in the simulated area, primarily attributed to infiltration from rainfall. The total excretion amounted to 330.78 × 10 4 m 3 , primarily through evaporation, with a minor amount of lateral outflow. The migration pathway of pollutants in groundwater primarily follows the direction of groundwater flow while diffusing vertically. The migration range of the pollutant is in accordance with the direction of groundwater flow and extends along the larger hydraulic gradient, demonstrating consistency. The findings of this study serve as a reminder that the closure of coal mines can constitute a significant source of water pollution. Simultaneously, they offer empirical data and theoretical references for the simulation and prediction of groundwater contamination in enclosed coal mines.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic Groundwater Modeling and Hydrochemical Conceptualization of the Closure Mining Area of the WuMa River Watershed of China

Yang,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…For the current study, an SGW flow model was conceptualized in MODFLOW-2005 [24] for the study reach using ModelMuse (Version 5.1.1.0) [39]. MODFLOW is an international standard for estimating 3D groundwater flow and has been extensively used to understand SW-GW interactions [9,22,25,40]. The 3D flow of GW through porous and permeable media is solved using the following equation [24]:…”

Section: Sgw Flow Model Description and Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation models are valuable tools to accurately quantify SW-SGW interaction and nutrient transport [21][22][23]. The Modular 3D Groundwater Model (MODFLOW) is an international standard for estimating groundwater flow [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their analysis indicated that NO 3 -N attenuation in GW is low; reducing nitrate input from agricultural areas was necessary to reduce NO3-N loadings significantly. Rajaeian et al [22] used MODFLOW-MT3DMS to observe the NO 3 -N change in GW resources in Iran under different management scenarios and suggested that the artificial recharge of GW helped decrease NO 3 -N concentrations. Previous studies clearly show the value of using numerical simulation models and nutrient transport scenario analysis to predict nutrient transport processes under different conditions to make better-informed management decisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using MODFLOW to Model Riparian Wetland Shallow Groundwater and Nutrient Dynamics in an Appalachian Watershed

Abesh,

Anderson,

Hubbart

2024

Water

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Simulating shallow groundwater (SGW) flow dynamics and stream–SGW interactions using numerical modeling tools is necessary to develop a mechanistic understanding of water flow systems and improve confidence in water resource management practices. A three-dimensional (3D) SGW flow model was developed for a riparian wetland in a mixed forest and agricultural catchment in West Virginia (WV), Appalachia, USA, using a Modular 3D Groundwater Model (MODFLOW). The MODFLOW simulation was calibrated in steady (R2 = 0.98, ME = −0.21, and RMSE = 0.77), transient state (R2 = 0.97, ME = −0.41, and RMSE = 1.28) and validated (R2 = 0.97, ME = −0.28, and RMSE = 1.05) using observed SGW levels from thirteen nested piezometers under steady and transient states. An experimental MT3D transport scenario was developed to show the lateral transport of NO₃-N from the aquifer to stream cells. Relatively stable SGW head distribution was observed. In the downstream reach, SGW discharge varied from 948 m3/day to 907 m3/day in 2020, with creek seepage ranging from 802 m3/day to 790 m3/day. Similarly, SGW input to the stream ranged from 891 m3/day to 978 m3/day, while creek seepage ranged from 796 m3/day to 800 m3/day in 2021. In upstream reaches, losing stream conditions were observed in January, June, and September 2020 and January to April 2021, while gaining stream conditions prevailed during other months. Thus, an approximately monthly alternating gaining–losing stream condition was observed in the upstream area. An experimental MT3D transport scenario resulted in an advection–dispersion scenario, showing a cumulative loss of 947 g of NO3-N from SGW to the stream. Denitrification accounted for the cumulative loss of 1406 g of NO3-N from SGW, surpassing 639 g of nitrate from the SGW to the stream during the study period. Additionally, particle tracking using MODPATH indicated a long residence time for SGW nutrients, affirming the efficiency of nitrogen transformation through denitrification. This study is among the first to simulate hydrologic and nutrient interactions in riparian wetlands of a mixed land use catchment in the Appalachian region of the northeastern United States. The results better inform water resource management decisions and modeling efforts in the Appalachian region and similar physiographic regions globally.

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Using automatic model calibration for 3D morphological simulations: a case study of the Bodendorf reservoir flushing

Shoarinezhad,

Olsen,

Wieprecht

et al. 2024

Environ Fluid Mech

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Reservoir sedimentation poses a significant challenge to water resource management. Improving the lifespan and productivity of reservoirs requires appropriate sediment management strategies, among which flushing operations have become more prevalent in practice. Numerical modeling offers a cost-effective approach to assessing the performance of different flushing operations. However, calibrating highly parametrized morphological models remains a complex task due to inherent uncertainties associated with sediment transport processes and model parameters. Traditional calibration methods require laborious manual adjustments and expert knowledge, hindering calibration accuracy and efficiency and becoming impractical when dealing with several uncertain parameters. A solution is to use optimization techniques that enable an objective evaluation of the model behavior by expediting the calibration procedure and reducing the issue of subjectivity. In this paper, we investigate bed level changes as a result of a flushing event in the Bodendorf reservoir in Austria by using a three-dimensional numerical model coupled with an optimization algorithm for automatic calibration. Three different sediment transport formulae (Meyer-Peter and Müller, van Rijn, and Wu) are employed and modified during the calibration, along with the roughness parameter, active layer thickness, volume fraction of sediments in bed, and the hiding-exposure parameter. The simulated bed levels compared to the measurements are assessed by several statistical metrics in different cross-sections. According to the goodness-of-fit indicators, the models using the formulae of van Rijn and Wu outperform the model calculated by the Meyer-Peter and Müller formula regarding bed patterns and the volume of flushed sediments.

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Investigation on quantitative and qualitative changes of groundwater resources using MODFLOW and MT3DMS: a case study of Hashtgerd aquifer, Iran

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Hydrodynamic Groundwater Modeling and Hydrochemical Conceptualization of the Closure Mining Area of the WuMa River Watershed of China

Hydrodynamic Groundwater Modeling and Hydrochemical Conceptualization of the Closure Mining Area of the WuMa River Watershed of China

Using MODFLOW to Model Riparian Wetland Shallow Groundwater and Nutrient Dynamics in an Appalachian Watershed

Using automatic model calibration for 3D morphological simulations: a case study of the Bodendorf reservoir flushing

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