Investigation on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Bedele Woreda Prisoners, Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract:Back ground: Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease. One third of the world population is infected with Mycobacterium. Ethiopia ranks 8 th among the world's top 22 countries severely affected by TB.TB is recognized as a major public health problem in the prisons of sub-Saharan Africa and it remains one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide especially in resource limited countries. Purpose: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis among Bedele woreda prisoners. In addition to this, it will increase the awareness of the prisoners about tuberculosis and used as baseline data for the concerned bodies for the control and prevention of tuberculosis in the prison population. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bedele woreda prison and a total of 196 prisoners were enrolled in this study. All suspected prisoners; who had cough for two weeks and more were included. The sputum was collected spot morning spot with screw caped plastic container and sodium hypochlorite technique was used to concentrate the bacilli and stained with Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were computed and P-value < 0.05 was used as statically significance. Result: Out of 196 prisoners screened for pulmonary tuberculosis, 43(21.9%) of the prisoners were positive for Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB). The minimum and maximum age was 18 and 80 respectively. Most of the AFB positive prisoners were male. In multivariate binary logistic regression analysis associated risk factors like cough ≥2 weeks (AOR=0.016, 95% CI: 0.002-0.114, P value <0.05) and history of TB in the group (AOR=0.003, 95% CI: 0.000-0.033, P value <0.05) had significant association with pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion: We conclude that a high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was seen in Bedele woreda prisoners, which was greater than the general population.

Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and associated factors among prisoners in Western Oromia, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

“…In the current study, nutritional status (BMI) was significantly associated with pulmonary tuberculosis positivity (AOR=8.87, 95% CI (3.23, 24.37)). BMI <18.5kg/m 2 had causative effect on PTB as compared to those with BMI ≥ 18.5kg/m 2 which is in agreement with study conducted in Bedelle [13], mentioned low BMI (i.e. ≤ 18.5kg/m 2 ) as the risk factor for TB.…”

“…This finding is similar with the study conducted in Tanzania [18], and southern Ethiopia [14]. On bivariate analysis participants who had history of chewed ‘chat’ before imprisonment had association and the risk of developing PTB positive among ‘chat’ chewers were 5 times than those who were not chewed ‘chat’ which is not reported in any other previous study done in Ethiopia like, Hadiya, Wolaita and Bedelle [12, 13, 14], which could be due to high numbers of chewers in current study areas but on multivariate analysis it had no association with PTB with (AOR=1.33, 95% CI (0.43, 4.15)).…”

Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Associated Factors in Prisons of BenishangulGumuz Region, Western Ethiopia

“…The high prevalence of TB in our study might suggest that better TB control mechanism in other study areas.The possible reasons for the differencemight be explained by differences in diagnosticmethods used, difference in the methodologies and difference in study population. On the other hand the finding of this study is much lower than a study conducted in Pakistan 48% (16), Uganda 13.7% (17), Nigeria 23% (18), DRC 17.7% (19), North Gondar 10.4% (20), GamoGoffa zone 19.4% (21) and BedeleWoreda 21.9% (22). This low prevalence in our study might show good TB infection control system in the prison in the study area compared with these areas.…”

Prevalence and Predictors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Prison Inmates in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…These studies were published between 2006 and 2019, and the current study included 11 country prison inmates. The majority of the studies, 14/37 (37.8%), were conducted in various regions of Ethiopia [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]: four in Nigeria [50][51][52][53], four in South Africa [54][55][56][57], two in Malawi [58,59], two in Uganda [60,61], three in Zambia [62,63], two in Cameroon [64,65], one in Côte d'Ivoire [66], two in Ghana [67,68], one in Tanzania [69], and two in Democratic Republic Congo (DRC) [70,71], whereas WHO has classified five of them among the thirty high burden country lists for TB, TB/HIV, and MDR-TB [8]. The highest prevalence of pulmonary TB among prison inmates (23.08%) was reported in Nigeria from Aba Federal prison [51], while the lowest prevalence (1.42%) of pulmonary TB was in Nigeria [51] to 31,547 in South Africa [57].…”