“…The moving of mobile ions driven by electric forces towards alignment layers results in their accumulation on alignment layers, which finally generates residual direct current (DC) voltage (V rdc ) inside LC cells and adversely affects LC' switching [1][2][3][4][5][6]. During the last several decades, a series of researches focused on distinguishing, detecting mobiles ions, and revealing the influences of mobile ions shifting on LC switching were conducted, and nowadays a lot of explorations are carried out to reduce mobile ions' adverse functions on LC [7][8][9][10][11][12] A lot of attempts have been adopted to prevent the influences of mobile ions on LC electro-optical performances, such as designing special LC molecules, purifying LC, doping LC [13,14], replacing the polyimide (PI) alignment layers with conductive materials [15][16][17][18], and photo-aligning LC [19][20][21], etc. Compared with other methods, doping is much easier; however, doping LC with nano-materials brings new issues, for instance, the doped nano-materials are too poor to be dispersed, and the aggregation of these nano-materials makes LC insensitively respond to external voltage.…”