Investigation on frequency dependence of indoor radio propagation parameters

Affandi, Achmad; Zein, Ghaïs El; Citerne, J.

doi:10.1109/vetecf.1999.797285

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Thus, there is an f 2 c dependence of the path-loss on the frequency. Such a dependence has also been experimentally verified for frequencies as low as 450 MHz [5], and also for outdoor environments [2]. Some recent studies have also shown that the frequency dependence is larger than a square law in some cases [19], however for this paper we will assume an f 2 c dependence which we believe to be largely true.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Dynamic spectrum access in DTV whitespaces

Deb¹,

Srinivasan²,

Maheshwari

2009

Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking

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In November 2008, the FCC ruled that the digital TV whitespaces be used for unlicensed access. This is an exciting development because DTV whitespaces are in the low frequency range (50-698 MHz) compared to typical cellular and ISM bands, thus resulting in much better propagation characteristics and much higher spectral efficiencies. The FCC has also mandated certain guidelines for short range unlicensed access, so as to avoid any interference to DTV receivers. We consider the problem of Wi-Fi like access (popularly referred to as Wi-Fi 2.0) for enterprizes. We assume that the access points and client devices are equipped with cognitive radios, i.e., they can adaptively choose the center frequency, bandwidth and power of operation. The access points can be equipped with one or more radios. In this paper, we layout the design of a complete system that (i) does not violate the FCC mandate, (ii) dynamically assigns center frequency and bandwidth to each access point based on their demands and (iii) squeezes the maximum efficiency from the available spectrum. This problem is far more general than prior work that investigated dynamic spectrum allocation in cellular and ISM bands, due to the non-homogeneous nature of the whitespaces, i.e., different whitespace widths in different parts of the spectrum and the large range of frequency bands with different propagation characteristics. This calls for a more holistic approach to system design that also accounts for frequency dependent propagation characteristics and radio frontend characteristics. In this paper, we first propose design rules for holistic system design. We then describe an architecture derived from our design rules. Finally we propose demand based dynamic spectrum allocation algorithms with provable worst case guarantees. We provide simulation results showing that (i) the performance of our algorithm is within 94% of the optimal in typical settings and (ii) and the DTV whitespaces can provide significantly higher data rates compared to the 2.4GHz ISM band. Our approach is general enough for designing any system with access to a wide range of spectrum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…A word of caution, the path loss need not have an f 2 c dependence and the exponent could be higher for some frequency bands [5]. This can be easily accounted for via one time measurements prior to deployment.…”

Section: Interference Graphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic spectrum access in DTV whitespaces

Deb¹,

Srinivasan²,

Maheshwari

2009

Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking

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“…1,5,9 Values of n and σ for 433 MHz, 869 MHz and 1249 MHz measurement data are given in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4, respectively. The last column in each tables, shows number of local path loss that were considered during derivation of model parameters.…”

Section: Distance-dependant Path Loss Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path loss measurements and comparisons of 433 MHz, 869 MHz and 1249 MHz within multi-floored buildings

et al. 2010

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In this paper, an extensive set of propagation path loss measurements within multi-floored buildings at 433 MHz, 869 MHz and 1249 MHz are presented. Parameter for use in two indoor path loss prediction models, Distance-Dependant Model (DD) and Floor Attenuation Floor Model (FAF), are derived from measurement data of three multi-floored buildings. Buildings were chosen with typical features such as rectangle footprint, square footprint and existence of an atrium within the building, respectively.Comparison of model parameters has concluded that higher attenuation is experienced by the signal within a square footprint building than rectangle footprint. Building with an indoor atrium is found to have lower path losses than buildings without atrium, when considering multi-floor transmission. 869 MHz signal attenuated at slowest rate in most of the considered environments. 433 MHz signal is found to have better floor penetration compared to other frequencies. 1249 MHz is found to attenuate at slowest rate within a straight corridor with waveguiding and line-of-sight propagation path between the transmitter and the receiver.Path loss prediction within multi-floored buildings with indoor atrium is refined by considering type of propagation path between trnamsitter and receiver. It is found that path loss of areas with line-of-sight propagation path could be modelled using parameters of same floor environment. An attenuation factor is derived and added for areas with non line-of-sight propagation path. It is shown that using this refinement, better prediction accuracy is obtained. Standard deviations of path loss prediction error are reduced as a result.

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“…A general model of predicting mean path loss when the distance between transmitter and receiver, d, is known, is given by 6,7,9,10 …”

Section: Distance-dependant Path Loss Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…n and σ values were computed using linear regression method. 6,10,13 Values of path loss rate and standard deviation for different categories have been computed and shown in Table 1. We have categorized the data of each building into Entire Building category and several categories based on the number of floor crossed between the transmitter and the receiver.…”

Section: Distance-dependant Path Loss Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

1.25 GHz path loss prediction models for multifloored buildings

Isnin

Tomlinson

Ahmed

et al. 2009

Wireless Sensing and Processing IV

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In this paper, parameter statistics of path loss prediction models are presented for 1.25 GHz within multifloored buildings. Parameters are extracted from analyzed data which was collected from measurements within three buildings. Buildings were chosen with specific considerations such as building footprint shapes and internal design.For the consideration of building footprint, a building having rectangular footprint and a building having square footprint were chosen. Because of its internal design, the third building was chosen to represent buildings with an atrium. Results show that, buildings with square footprint caused higher path loss compared to rectangular footprint buildings. It is also found that, buildings with an atrium have the lowest path loss exponent and lowest floor attenuation factor among other considered buildings.A model for path loss prediction is proposed for multifloor buildings with its internal design allows lineof-sight (LOS) and non line-of-sight (NLOS), even though transmitter and receiver are not on the same floor. The model takes into consideration the factor of transmission type, whether it is LOS or NLOS. The proposed model has reduced the standard deviation of error prediction, which indicates better prediction accuracy is achieved.

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Investigation on frequency dependence of indoor radio propagation parameters

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Dynamic spectrum access in DTV whitespaces

Dynamic spectrum access in DTV whitespaces

Path loss measurements and comparisons of 433 MHz, 869 MHz and 1249 MHz within multi-floored buildings

1.25 GHz path loss prediction models for multifloored buildings

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