Investigation on Electroreduction of CO₂ to Formic Acid Using Cu₃(BTC)₂ Metal–Organic Framework (Cu-MOF) and Graphene Oxide

Abstract

A recent class of porous materials, viz., metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), finds applications in several areas. In this work, Cu-based MOFs (Cu–benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) along with graphene oxide, viz., Cu-MOF/GO, are synthesized and used further for reducing CO 2 electrochemically. The reduction was accomplished in various supporting electrolytes, viz., KHCO 3 /H 2 O, tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB)/dimethylformamide (DMF), KBr/CH 3 OH, CH 3 COOK/CH 3 OH, TBAB/CH 3 OH, and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP)/CH 3 OH to know their effect on product formation. The electrode fabricated with the synthesized material was used for testing the electroreduction of CO 2 at various polarization potentials. The electrochemical reduction of CO 2 is carried out via the polarization technique within the experimented potential regime vs saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Ion chromatography was employed for the analysis of the produced products in the electrolyte, and the results showed that HCOOH was the main product formed through reduction. The highest concentrations of HCOOH formed for different electrolytes are 0.1404 mM (−0.1 V), 66.57 mM (−0.6 V), 0.2690 mM (−0.5 V), 0.2390 mM (−0.5 V), 0.7784 mM (−0.4 V), and 0.3050 mM (−0.45 V) in various supporting electrolyte systems, viz., KHCO 3 /H 2 O, TBAB/DMF, KBr/CH 3 OH, CH 3 COOK/CH 3 OH, TBAB/CH 3 OH, and TBAP/CH 3 OH, respectively. The developed catalyst accomplished a significant efficiency in the conversion and reduction of CO 2 . A high faradic efficiency of 58% was obtained with 0.1 M TBAB/DMF electrolyte, whereas for Cu-MOF alone, the efficiency was 38%. Thus, the work is carried out using a cost-effective catalyst for the conversion of CO 2 to formic acid than using the commercial electrodes. The synergistic effect of GO sheets at 3 wt % concentration and Cu + OH – interaction leads to the formation of formic acid in various electrolytes.

Highly Robust 3s–3d {CaZn}–Organic Framework for Excellent Catalytic Performance on Chemical Fixation of CO2 and Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction

“…According to related documented references and our previously reported works, − the catalytic reaction mechanism from our speculation is displayed in Figure . In the cycloaddition reaction process, epoxides were stimulated because their oxygen atoms were bound by the unsaturated Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ ions.…”

Understanding the endocrine disruptor and determination of bisphenol A by functional Cu-BTABB-MOF/rGO composite as facile rapid electrochemical sensor: an experimental and DFT investigation

“…3a and b. 35,36 Fig. 3c shows the crystalline properties of the Cu-BTABB-MOF/rGO composite and is characterized by the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern.…”

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived composites with SnO2 and ZnO phase components for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction

“…C 1s could be deconvoluted into three peaks from high binding energy to low binding energy, which are O–CO, C–O and C–C, respectively. 37,38 In the oxygen spectrum, the three peaks from the high binding energy to low binding energy belong to the oxygen absorptions (O abs ), oxygen vacancies (O vacs ) and M–O (M stands for metal). 39,40 The peak representing the M–O bond becomes more and more obvious with increasing temperature upto 800 °C, which can be attributed to the better crystallinity of the catalyst due to pyrolysis, which is consistent with the result of phase analysis.…”