Investigation on dynamics of double emulsion droplet in a uniform electric field

Electro-Hydrodynamics of Emulsion Droplets: Physical Insights to Applications

“…This model assumes no net charge on the interface and electroneutrality of the bulk liquids within the Stokes regime, however, the derivation of the LDM from the electro kinetic equations considering the net charge (diffuse charge or electric double layers) is still an ongoing struggle [ 10 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. For numerical simulation, the governing equations of fluid flow and electro-quasi statics are implemented, and the two-phase problem is solved using different methods, such as volume of fluid (VOF) [ 57 , 58 ], boundary element method (BEM) [ 26 , 59 , 60 , 61 ], finite volume technique [ 62 , 63 ], level set methods (LS) [ 14 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], and phase field methods (PF) [ 67 , 68 ]. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages.…”

“…The dynamics of a double-emulsion droplet within a weak electric field or small deformation limit is extensively reported and well understood [ 33 , 67 , 93 , 94 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 ]. A/B/C types of a double-emulsion droplets can show four distinct modes of deformation of core/shell-shell/ambient, i.e., prolate-prolate (PP), prolate-oblate (PO), oblate-prolate (OP), and oblate-oblate (OO), which entirely depends on the ratio ( ) across each of the interface [ 67 , 93 , 143 ]. If , the interface deforms oblate and if , it deforms prolate.…”

Electrically modulated dynamics of a compound droplet in a confined microfluidic environment

“…They have also pointed out four possible modes of droplet deformation on the basis of the relative strength of normal electric and hydrodynamic stresses. In a related study, Soni, Juvekar & Naik (2013) have shown that the presence of an inner droplet alters the deformation of the outer droplet.…”

Electrohydrodynamic-induced interactions between droplets

“…The importance of the ratio of charge relaxation time scale to the time scale of other processes such as charge convection due to fluid flow or drop deformation due to local shear has been discussed in Saville (1971), Collins et al (2013) and Lanauze et al (2015). The effect of electric field on compound droplets in double emulsions has also been studied theoretically and experimentally (Gouz & Sadhal 1989;Tsukada et al 1997;Ha & Yang 1999;Behjatian & Esmaeeli 2013;Soni, Juvekar & Naik 2013;Abbasi et al 2017). Most of these studies of compound droplets have focused on the relative deformation of the inner and the outer droplets, and also the possibilities of breakup and release of the inner droplet into the ambient fluid.…”

“…The effect of electric field on compound droplets in double emulsions has also been studied theoretically and experimentally (Gouz & Sadhal 1989; Tsukada et al. 1997; Ha & Yang 1999; Behjatian & Esmaeeli 2013; Soni, Juvekar & Naik 2013; Abbasi et al. 2017).…”