Abstract:Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are typical difficult-to-cut materials because of their anisotropic mechanical properties and poor heat conductivity. Drilling is the most common process in the manufacturing of CFRP products in which delamination is the most potentially damaging defect. In the present work the delamination damage around drilled hole of multi-directional CFRP is analyzed by means of infiltration inspection method with gold chloride solution, and the effects of drill rotational rate and f… Show more
“…With the drill entering in the specimen, the thrust rises up to the largest value rapidly [3]. This is verified repeatedly by experiments: if no support pad is used underneath the specimen, there is not enough resistance to the thrust when the last several laminas are drilled (though the thrust is little less at that time), so the drilled composite would form delamination near the exit [9].…”
Section: Delamination Splitting and Its Mechanismmentioning
The drilled surface characteristic of epoxy resin reinforced by multi-directional carbon fibers is investigated based on experiments. With the emphasis on the effect of fiber direction, the mechanism of inhomogeneous surface topography is discussed. Besides, the mechanism of drilling-induced delamination and splitting defects are analyzed, and the drill condition and drilling parameters are also considered. It is indicated that the varied fiber direction is the main cause resulting in the inhomogeneous topography; delamination is easy to occur between two adjacent laminas which have different fiber directions, and it is more serious near the exit of drilled hole.
“…With the drill entering in the specimen, the thrust rises up to the largest value rapidly [3]. This is verified repeatedly by experiments: if no support pad is used underneath the specimen, there is not enough resistance to the thrust when the last several laminas are drilled (though the thrust is little less at that time), so the drilled composite would form delamination near the exit [9].…”
Section: Delamination Splitting and Its Mechanismmentioning
The drilled surface characteristic of epoxy resin reinforced by multi-directional carbon fibers is investigated based on experiments. With the emphasis on the effect of fiber direction, the mechanism of inhomogeneous surface topography is discussed. Besides, the mechanism of drilling-induced delamination and splitting defects are analyzed, and the drill condition and drilling parameters are also considered. It is indicated that the varied fiber direction is the main cause resulting in the inhomogeneous topography; delamination is easy to occur between two adjacent laminas which have different fiber directions, and it is more serious near the exit of drilled hole.
“…14. A similar method was used by the pioneer researchers in previous works [46,49,65,66]. Three different weights % of graphene oxide were used for the comparative study of machined quality a different case of the same C-scan analysis of drilled hole [46,50].…”
This paper explores the parametric appraisal and machining performance optimization during drilling of polymer nanocomposites reinforced by graphene oxide/carbon fiber. The consequences of drilling parameters like cutting velocity, feed, and weight % of graphene oxide on machining responses, namely surface roughness, thrust force, torque, delamination (In/Out) has been investigated. An integrated approach of a Combined Quality Loss concept, Weighted Principal Component Analysis (WPCA), and Taguchi theory is proposed for the evaluation of drilling efficiency. Response surface methodology was employed for drilling of samples using the titanium aluminum nitride tool. WPCA is used for aggregation of multi-response into a single objective function. Analysis of variance reveals that cutting velocity is the most influential factor trailed by feed and weight % of graphene oxide. The proposed approach predicts the outcomes of the developed model for an optimal set of parameters. It has been validated by a confirmatory test, which shows a satisfactory agreement with the actual data. The lower feed plays a vital role in surface finishing. At lower feed, the development of the defect and cracks are found less with an improved surface finish. The proposed module demonstrates the feasibility of controlling quality and productivity factors.
“…They revealed that feed rate, followed by spindle speed, has the greatest impact on thrust force and delamination factor. Quan et al [20] examined the effects of drill speed and feed and the geometry of the drilling hole on delamination at the drill hole using an infiltration method with gold chloride solution. The findings found that the closer to the entry or exit of the hole, the more damaged.…”
Nanomaterials are gaining extensive application in the manufacturing sector due to favorable properties. Its rapid growth in highly sensitive, robust, and lightweight sensors and biomedical components has attracted considerable attention worldwide. Nanomaterial uses with fiber-reinforced polymeric material have increased significantly. In order to manufacture structural components in a near-net shape, laminated nanocomposite machining is required. Due to the need for product assembly in mechanical structures, Milling is the primarily machining process in the manufacturing industry to create slots, channels, etc. The present work optimized the process variables affecting the Milling process by adopting the minimize criterion to control the delamination factor using the Taguchi method. The process parameters include cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, and filler material Graphene Oxide. The optimized conditions were found as cutting speed (Vc) 37.12 m/min, spindle feed (F) 80 mm/min, depth of cut (D) 0.5 mm and filler material Graphene Oxide (G) 1 wt.%. The percentage contribution of the process parameter on the delamination factor (Fd) was determined using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method, and it has been found the feed rate (62.60%) is the most influencing factor. The delamination factor obtained in the confirmatory experiments carried out under optimized conditions was found lower than the Taguchi design test runs. The findings indicate that process parameter optimization under the given set of experimental conditions is effective for a manufacturing environment.
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