Investigation of water sorption and aluminum releases from high viscosity and resin modified glass ionomer

Abstract

Background High viscosity glass ionomer cement (HVGIC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) have recently been clinically preferred thanks to their numerous advantages. However, initial moisture contamination has a negative effect on the mechanical and physical properties of these cements. The aim of this study was in vitro of HVGICs and RMGICs, with and without surface protection, on water sorption, solubility and release of aluminum. Material and Methods In this study, as HVGICs; Equia Forte, IonoStar Plus, Riva Self Cure; as RMCIS, Ionolux and Riva Light Cure; and as control, Z250 universal composite was used. Equia coat, Voco varnish and Riva coat were chosen as surface protective. Water sorption and solubility levels of the samples were measured according to ISO 4049:2009. Al levels released from samples were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) for 7, 14 and 21 days. Statistical evaluation of the results was made using one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc test ( p <0.05). Results RMGICs from restorative materials showed more water absorption than HVGICs, but no differences in solubility. Among the materials tested, the water absorption values of the HVGIC and RMGIC materials without surface protection were higher than those with the surface protection ( p <0.001). Conclusions It was determined that the Al release of HVGIC and RMGIC groups with the surface protection were lower in all time periods than the groups without surface protection ( p <0.001). The application of surface protection effectively reduced water sorption and Al release from HVGICs and RMGICs. Key words: Highly viscous glass ionomer cement, resin coating, aluminum release, water sorption, solubility.

Correlation between different methodologies used to evaluate the marginal adaptation of proximal dentin gingival margins elevated using a glass hybrid

“…Münevveroğlu et al [ 31 ] reported that water sorption of a non-coated group of highly viscous GI in their study during thermal cycling led to volumetric expansion and marginal sealing comparable to the coated group. This is in agreement with previous studies, which found that non-coated surfaces of GI had higher values of water sorption than coated surfaces, potentially even exceeding the solubility levels of the material [ 32 33 ]. This might explain the findings of the current study; specifically, the water sorption of GH during thermocycling may have masked some of the marginal defects that could have been caused by aging.…”

Effect of various surface coating methods on surface roughness, micromorphological analysis and fluoride release from contemporary glass ionomer restorations

“…This short-term sensitivity can have a negative impact on the material’s mechanical qualities as well as its appearance [ 3 ]. Water sorption and solubility affect surface roughness of restoration by affecting the physical, optical, and thermodynamic characteristics of all restorative materials [ 4 ]. This is one of the elements that should be highlighted, especially for GIC, which has a long setting reaction time.…”

Long-Term Water Balance Evaluation in Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials

“…Essentially all the water initially incorporated in the cement becomes a part of the set cement-there is no active water expulsion as the cement sets [9] and this water content maintenance not only determines the ultimate mechanical properties [9], but also mediates the setting processes [38] as well as contributes to the esthetics of the set material [39]. The need to prevent damage from excess water exposure and deter subsequent water loss is a well-known requirement [40][41][42][43][44].…”