Investigation of visual fatigue under LED lighting based on reading task

An analysis of learners’ intentions toward virtual reality online learning systems: a case study in Taiwan

“…It is thus clear that VR-based online learning providers should be highly aware of the design of neat operating interfaces, because if the users consider the system is easy to understand, they can make good use of provided services without efforts, which reduces their feeling of complexity of VR technology, and thus helps increase their feeling of value while helping them concentrate on and be committed to learning, before state of flow begins. On the other hand, prior research [26] [27][28] [29] indicated that when extended use of technological products causes visual fatigue in people, that would decrease their attitude toward the use of the same. Such view was verified by our findings, where if users have visual fatigue during their use of VR-based online learning, that negatively affects their feelings (perceived value and flow experience) and in turn decreases their usage intention.…”

“…Visual fatigue is a compromised function of human vision system, as a result of over-tiring to physical change or tension [24] [25]. Prior research examined the effects from people's using technological products and visual fatigue, such as watching 3D videos [26], reading in LED light [27] and digital reading [28]. It was indicated that a technological product that causes visual fatigue in people would generate negative psychological reaction to it, which in turn decreases their usage intention.…”

“…We collected 356 returned online questionnaires. After excluding the respondents who were not using a VROLS (33) and questionnaires with invalid or repeated answers (27), the total number of valid questionnaires was 296, indicating a valid return rate of 83.1 percent. The valid responses included 136 females (45.9%) and 160 (54.1%) males.…”

P‐142: Influence of Illumination Level on Visual Fatigue and Lighting Preference for Different Age Groups in China

“…Visual fatigue is a complex phenomenon, indicating a decrease in the performance of visual function [3]. It is not only associated with the human visual system but also correlates with physiological parameters of the central nervous system [4].…”

A model for evaluating visual fatigue under LED light sources based on long-term visual display terminal work

“…Visual fatigue refers to a decrease in performance of the human visual system, which can be caused by uncomfortable light sources, long-term visual tasks and so on. 1 It not only reduces comfort and productivity, but also does harm to people's health. [2][3][4] In recent years, the utilization of LEDs for indoor lighting, including office lighting, has accelerated due to the concerns about energy consumption.…”