Investigation of Vertical and Horizontal Momentum Transfer in the Gulf of Mexico Using Empirical Mode Decomposition Method

Lai, R. J.; Huang, Norden E.

doi:10.1175/jpo2755.1

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Figure 9a suggests that 10-day-(and shorter) period waves near Sigsbee most likely have their sources not too far to the south, somewhere to the north of the 3000-m isobath. This inference is consistent with Lai and Huang's (2005) findings of 10-13-day deep motions over the Sigsbee moorings at two separate instances when rings had just passed over. It is also consistent with Hamilton's (2007) observations (also at Sigsbee) of shortperiod waves in September-December 1999, when the Loop Current extended over the moorings and a powerful ring had just separated.…”

Section: Deep Energy Paths-trw Rayssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Second, near the surface, there is a broad spectral peak centered near 200 days at all three locations, indicative of strong influence from the Loop Current vacillations as well as from rings. The strong Loop Current and ring presence at Sigsbee has been observed (Hamilton and Lugo-Fernandez 2001;Lai and Huang 2005;Hamilton 2007;Lin et al 2007). The surface energy at the lower-slope location (Fig.…”

Section: ) Interpreting the Ceof Modesmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Loop Current and Deep Eddies

Oey

2008

Journal of Physical Oceanography

118

108

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In contrast to the Loop Current and rings, much less is known about deep eddies (deeper than 1000 m) of the Gulf of Mexico. In this paper, results from a high-resolution numerical model of the Gulf are analyzed to explain their origin and how they excite topographic Rossby waves (TRWs) that disperse energy to the northern slopes of the Gulf. It is shown that north of Campeche Bank is a fertile ground for the growth of deep cyclones by baroclinic instability of the Loop Current. The cyclones have horizontal (vertical) scales of about 100 km (1000ϳ2000 m) and swirl speeds ϳ0.3 m s Ϫ1 . The subsequent development of these cyclones consists of two modes, A and B. Mode-A cyclones evolve into the relatively well-known frontal eddies that propagate around the Loop Current. Mode-A cyclone can amplify off the west Florida slope and cause the Loop Current to develop a "neck" that sometimes leads to shedding of a ring; this process is shown to be the Loop Current's dominant mode of upper-to-deep variability. Mode-B cyclones are "shed" and propagate west-northwestward at speeds of about 2-6 km day Ϫ1 , often in concert with an expanding loop or a migrating ring. TRWs are produced through wave-eddy coupling originating primarily from the cyclone birthplace as well as from the mode-B cyclones, and second, but for longer periods of 20ϳ30 days only, also from the mode-A frontal eddies. The waves are "channeled" onto the northern slope by a deep ridge located over the lower slope. For very short periods (Շ10 days), the forcing is a short distance to the south, which suggests that the TRWs are locally forced by features that have intruded upslope and that most likely have accompanied the Loop Current or a ring.

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Section: Deep Energy Paths-trw Rayssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: ) Interpreting the Ceof Modesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Loop Current and Deep Eddies

Oey

2008

Journal of Physical Oceanography

118

108

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“…Traditionally, these waves were thought to be generated thousands of miles away, but using dispersive properties, Huang et al [2000] proved that the seiches were, in fact, generated locally on the continental shelf. Lai and Huang [2005] and Zheng et al [2006] also studied the inertia waves generated by passing hurricanes. They found the hurricanes could generate inertia waves in the upper layer.…”

Section: New Findings Facilitated By Hht In Geosciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on Hilbert‐Huang transform: Method and its applications to geophysical studies

Huang

2008

Reviews of Geophysics

1,517

1,040

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[1] Data analysis has been one of the core activities in scientific research, but limited by the availability of analysis methods in the past, data analysis was often relegated to data processing. To accommodate the variety of data generated by nonlinear and nonstationary processes in nature, the analysis method would have to be adaptive. Hilbert-Huang transform, consisting of empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis, is a newly developed adaptive data analysis method, which has been used extensively in geophysical research. In this review, we will briefly introduce the method, list some recent developments, demonstrate the usefulness of the method, summarize some applications in various geophysical research areas, and finally, discuss the outstanding open problems. We hope this review will serve as an introduction of the method for those new to the concepts, as well as a summary of the present frontiers of its applications for experienced research scientists.

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“…As an adaptive and highly efficient method for analyzing nonlinear and non-stationary data, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method developed by Huang et al (1998) has been applied to many scientific fields, such as physical oceanography (e.g., Lai and Huang, 2005). This method is able to decompose any complicated data into a finite, physically meaningful intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) applied to linear and nonlinear processes.…”

Section: Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (Eemd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait: numerical results

et al. 2015

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Model output from a Pacific basin-wide three-dimensional physical-biogeochemical model during the period of 1991 to 2008 was used to investigate the impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait. Based on the characteristic salinities of both Kuroshio water and the South China Sea water, a Kuroshio impact index (KII) was designed to measure the degree of impact. The KII correlates significantly with the northeast-southwest component of wind stress, but the former lags the latter by approximately two months. The correlation coefficient between them increases from 0.267 4 to 0.852 9, with a lag time increasing from 0 to 63 days. The impact of Kuroshio Water is greater in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. At the interannual time scale, El Niño and La Niña events play an important role in impacting the KII. During El Niño events, more Kuroshio water contributes to the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait. Conversely, during La Niña events, less Kuroshio water contributes to the source water.Citation: Zhang Wenzhou, Zhuang Xuefen, Chen Chentung Arthur, Huang Tinghsuan. 2015. The impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait: numerical results. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(9): 23-34,

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Investigation of Vertical and Horizontal Momentum Transfer in the Gulf of Mexico Using Empirical Mode Decomposition Method

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Loop Current and Deep Eddies

Loop Current and Deep Eddies

A review on Hilbert‐Huang transform: Method and its applications to geophysical studies

The impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait: numerical results

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