Investigation of various fatty acid surfactants on the microstructure of flexible hydroxyapatite nanofibers

Abstract

Flexible hydroxyapatite nanofibers (HANFs) exhibit great potential in various biomedical fields, especially in bone tissue regeneration as the load-bearing implant. In this study, flexible HANFs have been successfully synthesized through...

Temporal and Thermal Effects on the Microstructural and Compositional Evolution of Ultralong Flexible Hydroxyapatite Nanofibers

“…This further suggests that the high flexibility of HA nanofibers is likely due to their ultrahigh aspect ratio, highly ordered crystal structure and fewer crystal defects. 7,42,46 In alignment with the FESEM results in Figure 3g,h, Figure 4b shows the nanoparticle attached to the HA nanofibers with good crystallinity. It is noteworthy that the nanoparticle is primarily amorphous, but the clear lattice fringes in the yellow dashed area indicate the presence of crystals.…”

“…High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED) results shown in Figure S3 reveal that the HA nanofibers in the bent areas display clear lattice fringes and diffraction spots without significant amorphous phase and crystal defects. This further suggests that the high flexibility of HA nanofibers is likely due to their ultrahigh aspect ratio, highly ordered crystal structure and fewer crystal defects. ,, In alignment with the FESEM results in Figure g,h, Figure b shows the nanoparticle attached to the HA nanofibers with good crystallinity. It is noteworthy that the nanoparticle is primarily amorphous, but the clear lattice fringes in the yellow dashed area indicate the presence of crystals.…”

“…The change in crystal planes is likely due to the lattice structure of HA nanofibers becoming more perfect with longer reaction times. Despite the different reaction times, the SAED patterns of the HA nanofibers in both samples show a high degree of similarity, which can be indexed to the (112), (211), and (300) planes of HA …”

“…Despite the different reaction times, the SAED patterns of the HA nanofibers in both samples show a high degree of similarity, which can be indexed to the (112), (211), and (300) planes of HA. 46 Temperature plays a pivotal role in the initiation of nucleation and the subsequent growth of crystals. 47 To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the crystal nucleation and growth of HA nanofibers in the solvothermal process, the influence of temperature on the resulting solvothermal products is investigated.…”

“…34,46,67 Our previous research has demonstrated that oleate ions with suitable molecular chain lengths can bind to Ca sites on the (100) plane of HA, effectively inducing preferential growth of HA crystals along the c-axis. 15,46 Consequently, in the absence of the induction of C 18 H 33 O 2 − ions, the HA nuclei tend to grow preferentially along the a-axis to maintain the lowest system energy. 68 (v) Stage V: formation and crystal growth of short HA nanofibers…”