Investigation of variance reduction techniques for Monte Carlo photon dose calculation using XVMC

Kawrakow, I.; Fippel, Matthias

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/45/8/308

Cited by 245 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…For dose calculation in homogeneous media, a pencil beam (PB) algorithm is used. For dose calculation in heterogeneous media, iPlan employs a Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm based on the XVMC dose developed by Fippel and Kawrakow 30 , 31 . Fragoso et al (32) performed extensive benchmarking of the algorithm against measurement, albeit for a different treatment unit/MLC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commissioning and initial stereotactic ablative radiotherapy experience with Vero

Solberg

Medin

Ramirez

et al. 2014

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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The purpose of this study is to describe the comprehensive commissioning process and initial clinical performance of the Vero linear accelerator, a new radiotherapy device recently installed at UT Southwestern Medical Center specifically developed for delivery of image‐guided stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). The Vero system utilizes a ring gantry to integrate a beam delivery platform with image guidance systems. The ring is capable of rotating ± 60° about the vertical axis to facilitate noncoplanar beam arrangements ideal for SABR delivery. The beam delivery platform consists of a 6 MV C‐band linac with a 60 leaf MLC projecting a maximum field size of 15×15 cm2 at isocenter. The Vero planning and delivery systems support a range of treatment techniques, including fixed beam conformal, dynamic conformal arcs, fixed gantry IMRT in either SMLC (step‐and‐shoot) or DMLC (dynamic) delivery, and hybrid arcs, which combines dynamic conformal arcs and fixed beam IMRT delivery. The accelerator and treatment head are mounted on a gimbal mechanism that allows the linac and MLC to pivot in two dimensions for tumor tracking. Two orthogonal kV imaging subsystems built into the ring facilitate both stereoscopic and volumetric (CBCT) image guidance. The system is also equipped with an always‐active electronic portal imaging device (EPID). We present our commissioning process and initial clinical experience focusing on SABR applications with the Vero, including: (1) beam data acquisition; (2) dosimetric commissioning of the treatment planning system, including evaluation of a Monte Carlo algorithm in a specially‐designed anthropomorphic thorax phantom; (3) validation using the Radiological Physics Center thorax, head and neck (IMRT), and spine credentialing phantoms; (4) end‐to‐end evaluation of IGRT localization accuracy; (5) ongoing system performance, including isocenter stability; and (6) clinical SABR applications.PACS number: 87.53.Ly

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commissioning and initial stereotactic ablative radiotherapy experience with Vero

Solberg

Medin

Ramirez

et al. 2014

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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“…Several academic and commercial MC dose calculation systems have been developed (4,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). These systems are summarized in Table 2 for comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Study of In-House Monte Carlo Simulations: An Integrated Monte Carlo Verification System

Mukumoto

Tsujii

Saitō

et al. 2009

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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“…The  algorithm on the MRIdian TPS adopted many approximations and variance reductions 38 to increase calculation speed. 's accuracy should thus be confirmed using a third-party Monte Carlo system devoid of approximations through 3D dose comparisons.…”

Section: D Comparison To Mridian Treatment Planning Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GPU‐accelerated Monte Carlo dose calculation platform and its application toward validating an MRI‐guided radiation therapy beam model

et al. 2016

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Purpose: The clinical commissioning of IMRT subject to a magnetic field is challenging. The purpose of this work is to develop a GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo dose calculation platform based on  and then use the platform to validate a vendor-provided MRIdian head model toward quality assurance of clinical IMRT treatment plans subject to a 0.35 T magnetic field. Methods:  was first translated from  to ++ and the result was confirmed to produce equivalent results to the original code. The ++ code was then adapted to  in a workflow optimized for GPU architecture. The original code was expanded to include voxelized transport with Woodcock tracking, faster electron/positron propagation in a magnetic field, and several features that make g highly user-friendly. Moreover, the vendor-provided MRIdian head model was incorporated into the code in an effort to apply g as both an accurate and rapid dose validation system. A set of experimental measurements were performed on the MRIdian system to examine the accuracy of both the head model and g. Ultimately, g was applied toward independent validation of patient doses calculated by MRIdian's . Results: An acceleration factor of 152 was achieved in comparison to the original single-thread  implementation with the original accuracy being preserved. For 16 treatment plans including stomach (4), lung (2), liver (3), adrenal gland (2), pancreas (2), spleen(1), mediastinum (1), and breast (1), the MRIdian dose calculation engine agrees with g with a mean gamma passing rate of 99.1% ± 0.6% (2%/2 mm). Conclusions: A Monte Carlo simulation platform was developed based on a GPU-accelerated version of . This platform was used to validate that both the vendor-provided head model and fast Monte Carlo engine used by the MRIdian system are accurate in modeling radiation transport in a patient using 2%/2 mm gamma criteria. Future applications of this platform will include dose validation and accumulation, IMRT optimization, and dosimetry system modeling for next generation MR-IGRT systems. C

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Investigation of variance reduction techniques for Monte Carlo photon dose calculation using XVMC

Cited by 245 publications

References 11 publications

Commissioning and initial stereotactic ablative radiotherapy experience with Vero

Commissioning and initial stereotactic ablative radiotherapy experience with Vero

A Preliminary Study of In-House Monte Carlo Simulations: An Integrated Monte Carlo Verification System

A GPU‐accelerated Monte Carlo dose calculation platform and its application toward validating an MRI‐guided radiation therapy beam model

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