Investigation of Ureaplasma urealyticum biovars and their relationship with antimicrobial resistance

Zhu, Changtai; Hu, Zhongyi; Dong, Chen; Zhang, Changsong; Wan, Meizhen; Yang, Ling

doi:10.4103/0255-0857.83915

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Ureaplasma urealyticum is a bacterium that is related to several diseases and can be passed through sexual contact, although it is not a classic STI or STD (12,13). At present, 3 types of antibiotics are used in the treatment of Ureaplasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on quinolone resistance due to the biofilm formation activity inUreaplasma urealyticum

Feng¹,

Huang²,

Yu³

et al. 2015

Turk J Med Sci

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IntroductionUreaplasma urealyticum is considered a part of the normal genital flora in human beings. It is found in about 70% of sexually active humans. It has also been associated with a number of diseases, such as nonspecific urethritis (1), infertility (2), or chorioamnionitis (3). The symptoms of U. urealyticum infection are variable in different people and bacterial strains (4). In addition, U. urealyticum has some effects on other pathogen infections in the genital tract and results in more complex mixed infections (5). Hostpathogen interactions and adapted immune responses are involved in the U. urealyticum infection processes, and these features make for variable virulence and antibiotic resistances in different populations (6).Quinolone antibiotics are used widely to deal with Ureaplasma infections. However, resistance to quinolone is an increasingly serious problem in today's clinical treatment of this pathogen (7). The most important reason for this situation is the improper uses of antibiotics. Furthermore, according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), the resistance or susceptibility of U. urealyticum is judged by the 'color change unit' . Unfortunately, the current clinical susceptibility testing programs, based on many commercial kits such as Mycoplasma IST2 kits (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France), cannot accurately reflect the real resistance level of Ureaplasma.In 2009, an available CLSI-compliance susceptibility testing method was reported on by Beeton et al. (8). This method made it possible to test the quantity of Ureaplasma and the actual susceptibility of the organism. In this study, we detected the biofilm formation of different Ureaplasma strains, and then observed the Ureaplasma's susceptibility prebiofilm formation and postbiofilm formation. Some functional gene expressions were evaluated to analyze whether there was a correlation between these gene expressions and biofilm formation in the pathogen.Background/aim: To detect the effects on quinolone resistance due to biofilm formation activity in Ureaplasma urealyticum.Materials and methods: An improved checkerboard dilution susceptibility test was used to analyze the quinolone resistance of clinical Ureaplasma isolates and a postbiofilm formation susceptibility assay was used to compare the effects on the quinolone susceptibility between pre-and postbiofilm formations. Several important functional gene expressions were detected to evaluate their roles in the process of the quinolone resistance mechanism. Results:The quinolone-resistant isolates produced more biofilms than the sensitive isolates. In both the quinolone-resistant and -sensitive groups, the minimal inhibitory concentrations after biofilm formation were higher than those before biofilm formation. The expression of the metabolism-related gene ureC in postbiofilm formation was higher than those in prebiofilm formation. Conclusion:It seems that biofilm formation is quite important in the generation of quinolone resistance in Ureaplasma....

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on quinolone resistance due to the biofilm formation activity inUreaplasma urealyticum

Feng¹,

Huang²,

Yu³

et al. 2015

Turk J Med Sci

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show abstract

“…Particularly, in adults of both sexes, the rate of infection appears to be directly related to the frequency of sexual intercourse and the number of partners, events that support their classification as sexually transmitted (ST) agents (Esen et al, 2017). Acquired resistance to antibiotics has been recently documented pointing out the question for a possible cost-effective therapeutic intervention (Chang-tai et al, 2011;De Francesco, Caracciolo, Bonfanti, & Manca, 2013;Wang, Li, Zheng, & Shang, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Emerging role for Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3: Active infection in women with silent high‐risk human papillomavirus and in women with idiopathic infertility

Zanotta

Campisciano

Morassut

et al. 2019

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Recently, there are controversial opinions on the presence of Mycoplasmas/Ureaplasmas as colonizers or pathogens, and on the use of a targeted therapy. This study aimed to characterize Mycoplasmas/Ureaplasmas infections in reproductive age women, including the acquisition of sexually transmitted (ST) pathogens and poor birth outcomes. A total of 646 healthy Italian women fulfilled the inclusion criteria including 521 infertile women, 65 pregnant women, and 60 fertile women with identified risk factors and symptomatic for vaginitis/cervicitis. Multiplex and quantitative molecular techniques and direct automatic DNA sequencing were performed to assess the genome structure of Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma species and ST infected pathogens. Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3 represented the predominant colonizer of the urogenital tract of this series and the unique species significantly associated with ST pathogens coinfection (p < 0.01). U. parvum load >104 bacteria/ml, suggestive of active infection, has been measured only in asymptomatic high‐risk human papillomavirus infected women (24.3%) and in 40% of women with idiopathic infertility. To note, 16% of the follicular fluid from these idiopathic women resulted infected with U. parvum. In conclusion, the present study focused the attention on U. parvum serovar 3 as emerging microorganism in sexually active women that may have the benefit of targeted therapy.

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The relationship between the biovars and the antimicrobial resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum in female patients with urogenital infections

Zhang

Hua

2017

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background Ureaplasma urealyticum is considered as one of the main pathogens found in women with urogenital infection. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the biovars, serovars, and their antimicrobial resistance against antibiotics in female patients with urogenital infection. Methods Two hundred and forty‐six cervical secretion samples (125 female outpatients as the patient group, 121 healthy female subjects as the control group) were first collected and analyzed for U. urealyticum using the Mycoplasma Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; then polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to identify the biovars and serovars of U. urealyticum‐positive samples. Results The prevalence of U. urealyticum in the patient group (57. 60%) was higher than that in the control group (24.79%, P<.01). The main biovar was biovar 1, and the main serovars were 1 (S1), 3 (S3), 6 (S6) in biovar 1. Mixed infection was observed in biovar 2. According to the results of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in the patient group, biovar 1 shows more resistance to minocycline, doxycycline, and azithromycin than biovar 2 (P<.05). Serovars S1, S3 and S6 have the highest resistant rate to ofloxacin (84.38%), roxithromycin (84.62%), and azithromycin (90.90%), respectively. Conclusions A high prevalence of U. urealyticum was observed in female patients with urogenital infections. And the biovar 1 and the serovars 1, 3, 6 were the main types of pathogens.

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Investigation of Ureaplasma urealyticum biovars and their relationship with antimicrobial resistance

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Effects on quinolone resistance due to the biofilm formation activity inUreaplasma urealyticum

Effects on quinolone resistance due to the biofilm formation activity inUreaplasma urealyticum

Emerging role for Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3: Active infection in women with silent high‐risk human papillomavirus and in women with idiopathic infertility

The relationship between the biovars and the antimicrobial resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum in female patients with urogenital infections

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