Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii presence in farmed shellfish by nested-PCR and real-time PCR fluorescent amplicon generation assay (FLAG)

Putignani, Lorenza; Mancinelli, Livia; Chierico, Federica Del; Menichella, D.; Adlerstein, Daniel; Angelici, Maria Cristina; Marangi, Marianna; Berrilli, Federica; Caffara, Monica; Regalbono, Antonio Frangipane di; Giangaspero, Annunziata

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2010.09.007

Cited by 61 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The highest prevalence of positive detection of T. gondii was found in samples from gill tissues (76.5%), which is similar to the results from studies by Esmerini et al (2010) and Putignani et al (2011). There is evidence that these tissues are ideal for the detection of the parasite (Potasman et al, 2002;Arkush et al, 2003;Putignani et al 2011), because oysters, by means of their filter-feeding mechanism, can ingest approximately five liters of water per hour and therefore light particles like T. gondii oocysts are retained in the gills (Ruppert and Barnes, 1996;Robertson, 2007;Leal and Franco, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…There is evidence that these tissues are ideal for the detection of the parasite (Potasman et al, 2002;Arkush et al, 2003;Putignani et al 2011), because oysters, by means of their filter-feeding mechanism, can ingest approximately five liters of water per hour and therefore light particles like T. gondii oocysts are retained in the gills (Ruppert and Barnes, 1996;Robertson, 2007;Leal and Franco, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current study employed glass beads, thermal shock, and proteinase K addition, which is similar to the process used by Esmerini et al (2010), except that glass beads were not used in that study. Putignani et al (2011) opted to use only thermal shock in their study. These differences in DNA extraction procedures may influence the results obtained by different researchers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gondii was detected in Mytilus shellfish under natural conditions in California (Miller et al, 2008) and in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in a cultivation system in Lago di Varano, Southern Italy (Putignani et al, 2011). In Brazil, the parasite was identified in C. rhizophorae oysters that were destined for sale and consumption in the fish markets in São Paulo (Esmerini et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in Brazilian oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae)

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to detect evidence of Toxoplasma gondii using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques in oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae) obtained from the southern coastal region of Bahia, Brazil. A total of 624 oysters were collected, and the gills and digestive glands were dissected. Each tissue sample was separated into pools containing tissues (of the same type) from three animals, leading to a total of 416 experimental samples for analysis (208 samples each from the gills and digestive glands). Molecular analysis using PCR-based detection of the T. gondii AF 146527 repetitive fragment yielded negative results for all samples. However, when nested-PCR was used for detection of the T. gondii SAG-1 gene, 17 samples were positive, with the gills being the tissue with maximal detection of the parasite. These positive results were confirmed by sample sequencing. It is therefore suggested that C. rhizophorae oysters are capable of filtering and retaining T. gondii oocysts in their tissue. This represents a risk to public health because they are traditionally ingested in natura.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in Brazilian oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae)

et al. 2015

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“…Finally, omnivores such as wild boar can acquire toxoplasmosis by incidentally ingesting infected rodents and mainly by rooting and feeding from soil contaminated with oocysts excreted by cats, as shown for other species with similar behaviour, e.g., poultry [105]. On the same way, nutria Myocastor coypus is a terrestrial herbivorous but can also eat small insects that can disseminate oocysts and mussels, which can accumulate oocysts [106,107,108]. Nutria and wild boar are thus particularly exposed to infection by T. gondii [109,110].…”

Section: The Dynamics Of T Gondii In Wildlife In Temperate Climatesmentioning

confidence: 99%