Investigation of Thrombogenic Risk Factors in Young Adult Male Sportsmen Members of a Rowing Club in Bydgoszcz.

Abstract

Background Athletes represent one of the population groups at risk of thrombosis. Microtraumas and dehydration resulting from intense physical activity represent some of the important causes of thrombosis among athletes. Both blood clotting parameters (PT, INR, APTT, Fb, TT) and tissue damage parameters (H-FABP, L-FABP) are used to monitor thrombosis risks. Aim The aim of the study was to check the impact of sportsmen's physical activity on blood coagulation processes and myocardial microinjuries in young adult male sportsmen members (18–25 years old) of a rowing club in Bydgoszcz. Results Comparing the results of athletes before and after 6 months of training season, a statistically significant increase in the following parameters: PT (12.03 ± 0.76 vs. 13.51 ± 0.72 s; p < 0.01), INR (1.03 ± 0.07 vs. 1.14 ± 0.06; p < 0.01), APPT (28.73 ± 3.27 vs. 33.31 ± 5.63 s; p < 0.01) and TT (20.62 ± 0.97 vs. 22.49 ± 1.41 s; p < 0.01) was observed. Analyzing the results between the control group (non-sportsmen) and the study group before training, the following changes were observed: APTT (35.26 ± 6.74 vs. 28.73 ± 3.27 s; p < 0.01), HGMCR (750.17 ± 59.23 vs. 569.38 ± 51.24 ng/L; p < 0.01) and L-FABP (329.16 ± 92.04 vs. 151.80 ± 70.10 ng/L; p = 0.02) and an increase in H-FABP level (2.75 ± 1.32 vs. 4.14 ± 1.30 ng/mL; p < 0.01). Comparing the values between the control group and the study group, but after training, an increase in the value for PT (12.88 ± 1.41 vs. 13.51 ± 0.72 s; p = 0.02), INR (1.09 ± 0.13 vs. 1.14 ± 0.06; p = 0.02), TT (20.64 ± 1.43 vs. 22.49 ± 1.41 s; p < 0.01) and H-FABP (2.75 ± 1.32 vs. 3.94 ± 1.47 ng/L; p < 0.01) and decrease in HGMCR activity (750.17 ± 59.23 vs. 581.47 ± 51.25 ng/L; p < 0.01) were observed. There was also a strong positive correlation between HGMCR and H-FABP (r = 0.77) and a strong negative correlation between TT and Fb (r = -0.808) and between TT and APTT (r = -0.424). Conclusions Summarizing our study, we confirm that the physical activity in sportsmen, especially overtraining, may have an impact on blood coagulation processes and may also lead to the microdamage of the heart muscle.