Investigation of the Utilization of Kaplan Turbines for PLTMH Power Plants

Abstract

The potential of water in Indonesia to generate electrical energy is quite large. This water potential is very suitable for generating small-scale energy. Water is sent through the penstock to drive the turbine. The turbine is coupled with a generator to produce electrical energy. The turbines used vary widely. For this research, the Kaplan turbine is used. The Kaplan turbine was chosen because of the low head required, which is suitable for conditions in Indonesia. The diameter of the Kaplan turbine tested was 25 cm. It is equipped with a guide vane arrangement. To obtain the Kaplan turbine output, the turbine is coupled to a generator. The test refers to the IEC standard. The turbine is operated at a constant speed and the generator voltage is fixed and the discharge varies. The results showed that the larger the guide vane opening, the higher the flow rate; the greater the flow rate of the resulting power, the greater. Efficiency for guide vane 30 openings occurs at 6.65m head and 0.065m 3 /sec volumetric flowrate with efficiency 50,13%. The highest efficiency is obtained for the guide vane 40 opening, which is 57.14% at 4.15 head and 0.074m3/sec flow rate.

Experimental Investigations of Hydrokinetic Turbine Providing Fillet at the Leading Edge Corner of the Runner Blades

“…The observation has been made that the curved fillet on the corner of the leading edge produces better outcomes than the sharp edge. It is also concluded that, like the Kaplan turbine (Maridjo et al 2021), Head @ FRR=0 (Rtu=0mm) Head @ FRR=0.046 (Rtu=2mm) Head @ FRR=0.093 (Rtu=4mm) Head @ FRR=0.13 (Rtu=6mm) Head @ FRR=0.18 (Rtu=8mm) Head @ FRR=0.23 (Rtu=10mm) Discharge @ FRR=0 (Rtu=0mm) Discharge @ FRR=0.046 (Rtu=2mm) Discharge @ FRR=0.093 (Rtu=4mm) Discharge @ FRR=0.13 (Rtu=6mm) Discharge @ FRR=0.18 (Rtu=8mm) Discharge @ FRR=0.23 (Rtu=10mm) Fig. 14.…”

“…These types of turbines are mostly investigated and adapted for the high-scale level with more than 3 meter of head (Martinez et al 2019). In reality, where very low head of water is available and requirement of electricity is small, this types of axial turbine may be helpful (Maridjo et al 2021). Rare study on runner blade for such a low head condition with horizontal arrangement of the turbine is found.…”