Investigation of the Underlying Structure of Personal Web Usage in the Workplace.

Simmers, Claire A.; Anandarajan, Murugan; D'Ovidio, Rob

doi:10.5465/ambpp.2008.33649965

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…If they think that they can accomplish their goals in a planned time frame and feel that they are in charge of their own time, they may be more likely to see cyberloafing as a break to recharge their energy. There are researchers who suggest surfing the net allows employees to temporarily take their mind off work (Simmers et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Time Management and Cyberloafing Related? Investigating Employees’ Attitudes

Ötken

Bayram

Beer

et al. 2020

Global Business Review

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Time is a critical commodity both for individuals and companies because it is not possible to substitute or purchase it. The concept of time management, therefore, attracted the attention of both academicians and practitioners. Companies started to question behaviour of employees using their companies’ Internet access for non-work-related purposes during work hours. These activities constitute an unproductive use of time and detract employees from completing their work demands. In this framework, the purpose of this study is to understand whether time management and cyberloafing are related. Data were collected from 300 employees working in Istanbul, Turkey. Results show that the time wasters dimension negatively explained the variance in serious cyberloafing. Results also show that time planning and time attitude dimensions positively explained the variance in minor cyberloafing. Understanding the relationship between time management and cyberloafing provides fruitful results for companies and individuals in terms of productivity and achieving goals at work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Time Management and Cyberloafing Related? Investigating Employees’ Attitudes

Ötken

Bayram

Beer

et al. 2020

Global Business Review

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show abstract

“…Cyberloafing such as online shopping, playing games and chatting with others is a kind of present enjoyment, which can provide employees with immediate leisure comfort experience and bring pleasant mood. Therefore, employees are more willing to engage in activities such as chatting with others for entertainment on the Internet, so as to withdraw work situation to a certain extent and reduce the reception of negative information (Simmers, Anandarajan, & D'Ovidio, 2008). On the other hand, limited OFTP may make employees feel unfair and dissatisfied, therefore, employees will take self-regulation, and engage in cyberloafing to restore their inner sense of fairness (Ambrose & Schminke, 2009).…”

Section: Oftp and Employee Self-development/cyberloafingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employee Self-Development or Cyberloafing? The Effects of Occupational Future Time Perspective on Employee’s Behaviors

Li¹

2021

JHRSS

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Based on the socioemotional selectivity theory, this research discusses the relationship between occupational future time perspective and employee selfdevelopment, occupational future time perspective and cyberloafing, and their mechanisms. The results show that there is a dual effect of occupational future time perspective on employee's behaviors. High occupational future time perspective can positively predict employee self-development, which can be partly mediated by the eudaimonic motive. Low OFTP negatively predicted cyberloafing, which can also be partly mediated by the hedonic motive. This study not only enriches the research of OFTP, but also provides some management enlightenments for the organization.

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“…The former involves activities that may cause legal problems to the organisation (e.g., illegal downloading, distribution of pornography, exposing the firm's systems to viruses, or 'malware' through surfing, and online gaming), whereas the latter consists of activities that are seen to be less destructive (e.g., online banking, non-work-related emailing activities). Research found that employees are more likely to engage in cyber-loafing activities that they perceive to be harmless rather than activities that potentially have serious negative consequences, because they do not want to risk the company's disciplinary actions (Blanchard & Henle, 2008;Vivien & Thompson, 2005), especially since companies are more likely to punish serious loafing behaviours compared to the minor cyber-loafing actions (Lichtash, 2004;Simmers, Anandarajan, & D'Ovidio, 2008). To gauge the extent of these issues, a survey in the United States of America (USA) found that over 60% of the American employees had been disciplined and over 30% of the companies had fired workers for Internet misuse (Greenfield & Davis, 2002).…”

Section: B Type Of Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Loafing at Work Necessarily Detrimental? - A Study of the Relationship between Loafing, Productivity, and Satisfaction

Duhita¹

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<p>For decades, employees’ loafing behaviour has been a concern for employers because by taking time away from work activities it is seen as detrimental to workers’ productivity (Bennett & Robinson, 200; Dixon, 2005). Prior to the 1990s, loafing occurred when workers physically allocated time to non-work activities (e.g. chatting with colleagues or running non-work related errands during work hours), but since the development of Internet and Social Networking Sites (SNS) loafing behaviour has moved to include the virtual world ('cyber' space). As a result, loafing has likely become less visible and harder to detect. Paradoxically, though, some types of loafing have recently been found to help employees to recharge their concentration and to improve their satisfaction toward their jobs (Coker, 2013; Lim & Chen, 2012; Messarra, Karkoulian, & McCarthy, 2011). Although the impact of cyber-loafing and SNS usage at work on employees’ productivity or satisfaction has been studied to some extent, little attention has been given to their combined effect with physical loafing. Existing studies have tended to evaluate the impact of loafing on either employees’ productivity or satisfaction, and very few examine both outcomes. Building from these empirical findings, this thesis examines the effects of three types of loafing collectively on both job productivity and job satisfaction via three distinct categorisations: 1) time spent loafing, 2) aggregated loafing activities, and 3) combinations of activities at particular times of the work day. On average, white-collar respondents in this research spent about 4 hours per week loafing at work. This number is comparable but slightly lower than the weekly average of 4.2 hours spent on cyber-loafing in the Asia Pacific region (Zhou & Zhuoqiong, 2005). As expected, the study also found that job satisfaction relates positively to productivity. Similarly, autonomy as part of a job’s characteristic has a positive relationship with job satisfaction. Regarding the relationship between loafing behaviour and job productivity, loafing in the morning was found to affect job productivity negatively, especially if it is cyber-loafing activities (except for checking SNS). However, if the same activities are being conducted in the afternoon, it affects productivity positively. As regards to the relationship between loafing behaviour and job satisfaction, when loafing behaviour, both cyber and physical loafing, occurs in the morning, this exhibits a positive relationship with job satisfaction. Conversely, these are negatively related to job satisfaction when they are happening in the afternoon. The findings of this study contribute to the organisational behaviour literature by considering the effects of the three types of loafing activities collectively on job satisfaction and job productivity. Furthermore, in drawing on international studies for measures of job productivity, job satisfaction, autonomy, and loafing behaviour, this study found appropriate levels of reliability and validity, which suggests that the New Zealand context is comparable to other studies using these measures internationally. This research also has implications for management practitioners in providing a better understanding of white-collar workers’ loafing behaviour, which could aid them in designing workplace policies related to loafing. It might also be used to inform employees on how particular loafing activities could in fact enhance their productivity without being detrimental to their organisations.</p>

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Investigation of the Underlying Structure of Personal Web Usage in the Workplace.

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Are Time Management and Cyberloafing Related? Investigating Employees’ Attitudes

Are Time Management and Cyberloafing Related? Investigating Employees’ Attitudes

Employee Self-Development or Cyberloafing? The Effects of Occupational Future Time Perspective on Employee’s Behaviors

Is Loafing at Work Necessarily Detrimental? - A Study of the Relationship between Loafing, Productivity, and Satisfaction

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