Investigation of the thermodynamic properties of hydrates as cooling phase change materials for their implementation in electric vehicles

Abstract

Electric Vehicles (EVs) have key roles to realize a sustainable society. The lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) implemented on EVs are deteriorate due to significant temperature changes. To maintain LIBs in the...

Review of Ionic Semiclathrate Hydrates as Thermal Energy Storage Materials: Properties and Applications

“…The highest dissociation heat and equilibrium temperature were 190.1 kJ kg –1 and 29.6 °C, respectively, at a mass fraction of 0.60. Kiyokawa et al investigated the suitability of pinacol and piperazine hydrates in storage media. , The equilibrium temperature of pinacol hydrate at a mass fraction of 0.50 was determined to be 45.6 °C, which is the highest of the hydrates shown in Table . They reported that the maximum dissociation enthalpy and temperature of piperazine hexahydrate were 42.9 °C and 250.0 kJ kg –1 , respectively, at a mass fraction of 0.443 of piperazine.…”

Technology readiness level of gas hydrate technologies

“…[ 67 ] The use of hydrates as PCMs for implementation in electric vehicles is a new interesting potential application in this domain. [ 68 ] The use of gas hydrate PCM technology is an interesting application concept and is classified at a TRL of two.…”

Guest size effects on a robust structure of semiclathrate hydrates and their thermophysical properties

“…2 So far, a lot of counter anions for N4444 and P4444 cations have been investigated. 30–56 While the properties of these N4444 and P4444 salt hydrates for heat storage and gas separation can vary to some extent, there are a lot of candidates for the cations as vastly investigated for ionic liquids 57 and precursors of porous functional materials. 58 Therefore, semiclathrate hydrates have many potential properties that have yet to be elucidated, and further investigation of ionic guest materials may uncover new properties.…”