Investigation of the temperature effect on electrochemical behaviors of TiO2 for gel type valve regulated lead-acid batteries

Abstract

In this study, the effect of temperature on the electrochemical behaviors of gel electrolyte systems was investigated for valve regulated lead-acid battery at 0≤ T ≤50 o C. Fumed silica and mixture of fumed silica and TiO2 were used as gel electrolytes. TiO2 has a good combination with fumed silica. They were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and battery tests. The anodic peak currents and redox capacities of the gel electrolytes increased with increasing of temperature. The highest anodic peak current and redox capacity were observed at 30 o C in fumed silica and at 40 o C in fumed silica: TiO2 based gel systems. The solution and charge transfer resistance values decreased in fumed silica:TiO2 gel system by increasing temperature. In battery tests, discharge curves were obtained for each gel system at 0, 25 and 50 o C. The discharge time of mixture gel electrolyte system was higher than that of fumed silica based gel electrolyte at low (0 o C) and high (50 o C) temperatures. The best performance was obtained in fumed silica based gel electrolyte at 25 o C.

A novel electrolyte additive for gel type valve regulated lead acid batteries: Sulfur doped graphene oxide

“…13,21,42 Gelled electrolytes were prepared by using fumed silica (6 wt%) and sulfuric acid (30 wt%). 20,28,32,33 Different amount of S-GrOP (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 wt%) was added into the fumed silica-based gelled system. Then, stirring time and stirring rate were optimized by electrochemical methods.…”

“…31 Although some additives such as metal oxides, polyacrylamide, polyaspartate, propanetriol, and polyols were used in the literature as additives to fumed silica-based gelled electrolyte to improve the conductivity of the gel, there are still needs to improve the conductivity of the fumed silica, including gel electrolyte by using of novel additives. 17,[32][33][34][35][36][37] Indeed, the additives can play a key role for the filling process of the gel in the battery stack without solidification by forming three-dimensional gel structure. At this point, the materials consisting of oxygen, including functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, etc as additives can bring a new perspective to the gel component of the Gel-VRLA batteries.…”

“…However, conductivity of the fumed silica‐based gelled electrolyte is low 31 . Although some additives such as metal oxides, polyacrylamide, polyaspartate, propanetriol, and polyols were used in the literature as additives to fumed silica‐based gelled electrolyte to improve the conductivity of the gel, there are still needs to improve the conductivity of the fumed silica, including gel electrolyte by using of novel additives 17,32‐37 . Indeed, the additives can play a key role for the filling process of the gel in the battery stack without solidification by forming three‐dimensional gel structure.…”

Fuzzy Logic Implementation for Accurate Electric Car Battery SoC Measurement

“…Temperatur operasi baterai perlu dijaga pada angka tertentu untuk mencapai efisiensi maksimum. Baterai yang beroperasi pada temperatur rendah atau terlalu tinggi tidak akan menghasilkan kinerja sebaik saat baterai beroperasi pada temperatur idealnya [6]. Temperatur baterai yang terlalu tinggi juga dapat menyebabkan semakin rendahnya tingkat service life [7].…”

A Novel Gel Electrolyte for Valve-Regulated Lead Acid Battery

“…In the AGM system, sulfuric acid is soaked into a kind of glass mat and this mat separator is used as matrix for electrolyte. In the gelled electrolyte system, silica sols, colloidal silica, fumed silica and some organic siloxane have been used to obtain a three dimensional network gel which absorbs sulfuric acid [4,8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”