“…First, sulfur electrodes suffer high volume expansion of up to 80% during cycling, resulting in significant structural damage . Second, sulfur has low electronic conductivity, resulting in low utilization of active materials and sluggish kinetics . Third, the formation of polysulfides (Li 2 S x , x = 4–8) results in fast capacity decay, largely irreversible sulfur loss, and low coulombic efficiency during the charge/discharge process. , Hence, to overcome these issues, various strategies have been developed to restrict sulfur within porous carbon hosts, such as etched carbon nanotubes, N-doped carbon materials, metal sulfides, metal oxides, interlayer, and novel binders .…”