Investigation of the Structural Properties of Amorphous Philippine Bentonite Clay and its Potential Use for Topical Applications

Abstract

This study aims to characterize the Philippine natural bentonite from Mangatarem, Pangasinan for potential topical applications. Six samples were obtained from the mine site. Using the low angle region of their XRD patterns, initial mineralogical analysis of the samples was conducted. The presence of the 6.08° peak, which represents the presence of pure smectite material, was only observed in one sample, D2. The long range XRD pattern of the D2 bentonite sample confirmed montmorillonite as the main component. Other clay minerals such as hectorite and mordenite were also detected in small intensities. In the chemical analysis, Si and Al were the primary elemental components. However, the presence of high amount of Ca revealed that the sample is Ca-bentonite. Also present are other exchangeable cations such as Na+, K+, and Mg2+. To confirm their applicability for topical uses, the CEC, pH and presence of E. coli were determined. The CEC of the sample was 114.32 meq/100g, and the pH value was 7.1. Microbial test also confirmed the absence of E. coli. These tests all validate that the sample is safe and viable for topical applications.

Characterization and Radiation Shielding Properties of Philippine Natural Bentonite and Zeolite

“…Small amounts of nontronite and other minerals such as kaolinite, feldspar, and mica are also present in the sample. The results agree well with the XRD patterns of the Philippine bentonite in previous studies (Olegario-Sanchez and Felizco 2017;Taaca et al 2019).…”

Reduction of Offensive Odor from Natural Rubber Using Zinc‐Modified Bentonite

“…e previous study in Philippine natural bentonite [24] detected montmorillonite, mordenite, and hectorite. e measured composition of natural bentonite (Table 1) 2+ complex on the surface of clay [25][26][27].…”

Optimized chemical preconditioning of Philippine natural zeolites

“…The Philippine natural zeolites (PNZs), consisting primarily of clinoptilolite and mordenite, are currently mined and used in applications including heavy metal removal (Cagomoc & Vasquez Jr, 2016; Olegario-Sanchez & Pelicano, 2017), nanotechnology (Olegario et al , 2019a, 2019b), oil removal (Osonio & Olegario-Sanchez, 2017), wastewater treatment (Barola et al , 2019; Dignos et al , 2019) and, more recently, biomedical applications (Olegario-Sanchez & Felizco, 2017; Olegario-Sanchez et al , 2017; Osonio & Vasquez Jr, 2018; Taaca & Vasquez Jr, 2018). Locally sourced natural zeolites remain largely unexploited in such applications due to variation in the purity and composition of the various deposits.…”