Investigation of the sources and evolution processes of severe haze pollution in Beijing in January 2013

Sun, Yele; Jiang, Qi; Wang, Zifa; Fu, Pingqing; Li, Jie; Yang, Ting; Yin, Yan

doi:10.1002/2014jd021641

Cited by 684 publications

(557 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Theoretically, its absorption properties can be significantly enhanced by internal mixing with other compounds because the coatings act as a lens and 5 enlarge its mass absorption cross section effectively (Bond et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2017a). We analyzed this absorption amplification effect based on the consistent in-situ measurements during the development of severe haze pollution in Beijing in January 2013 (Sun et al, 2014). Compared with clean period, the secondary aerosol increased significantly during haze episodes.…”

Section: Amplified Dome Effect By Mixing With Scattering Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During hazy days, concentration of BC, one of the most important aerosol components from both environmental and climate perspectives, could exceed 20 μg m -3 in China's megacities (Yang et al, 2007;Sun et al, 2014), far more than those in other regions across the world. Such a high level of BC concentration in China is primarily attributed to intensive residential combustions and coal-dominant energy structure (Qin and Xie, 2011;Zhang et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dome effect of black carbon and its key influencing factors: A one-dimensional modelling study

Wang¹,

Huang²,

Ding³

2017

Preprint

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Black carbon (BC) has been identified to play a critical role in aerosol-planet boundary layer (PBL) interaction and further deterioration of near-surface air pollution in megacities, which has been named as its "dome effect". However, the impacts of key factors that influence this effect, such as the vertical distribution and aging processes of BC, and also the underlying land surface, have not been quantitatively explored yet. Here, based on available in-situ measurements of meteorology and 15 atmospheric aerosols together with the meteorology-chemistry online coupled model, WRF-Chem, we conduct a set of parallel simulations to quantify the roles of these factors in influencing the BC's dome effect and surface haze pollution, and discuss the main implications of the results to air pollution mitigation in China. We found that the impact of BC on PBL is very sensitive to the altitude of aerosol layer. The upper level BC, especially those near the capping inversion, is more essential in suppressing the PBL height and weakening the turbulence mixing. The dome effect of BC tends to be significantly intensified 20 as BC aerosol mixed with scattering aerosols during winter haze events, resulting in a decrease of PBL height by more than 25%. In addition, the dome effect is more substantial (up to 15%) in rural areas than that in the urban areas with the same BC loading, indicating an unexpected regional impact of such kind of effect to air quality in countryside. This study suggests that China's regional air pollution would greatly benefit from BC emission reductions, especially those from the elevated sources from the chimneys and also the domestic combustions in rural areas, through weakening the aerosol-boundary layer 25 interactions that triggered by BC.

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Section: Amplified Dome Effect By Mixing With Scattering Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dome effect of black carbon and its key influencing factors: A one-dimensional modelling study

Wang¹,

Huang²,

Ding³

2017

Preprint

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“…14 C results indicated that the contribution of biomass-burning and biogenic emissions to the WINSOC and EC accounted for 63% and 48%, respectively, which was 10% lower than the south wind. In recent years, the BTH region has been considered as the most severely polluted area in China and industrial emissions, coal burning and automobile emissions are considered as major contributors (Pui et al, 2014;Sun et al, 2014). The high contribution of biomass-burning emission suggests weak impact of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from the BTH region on the air quality at the sampling site.…”

Section: Intraday Fluctuation Of Tsp Pm 25 and Carbonaceous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon-based impact assessment of open biomass burning on regional carbonaceous aerosols in North China

Zong

Chen

Tian

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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• PM 2.5 and TSP samples collected at Yellow River Delta were analyzed for OC and EC.• OC, EC, TSP and PM 2.5 concentrations were higher in daytime than in nighttime.• Radiocarbon ( 14 C) tracer, backward trajectories, and fire counts were used for the analysis.• Agricultural waste open burning was a main contributor to summer PM 2.5 , OC and EC. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Samples of total suspended particulates (TSPs) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) were collected from 29th May to 1st July, 2013 at a regional background site in Bohai Rim, North China. Mass concentrations of particulate matter and carbonaceous species showed a total of 50% and 97% of the measured TSP and PM 2.5 levels exceeded the first grade national standard of China, respectively. Daily concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were detected 7.3 and 2.5 μg m −3 in TSP and 5.2 and 2.0 μg m −3 in PM 2.5 , which accounted 5.8% and 2.0% of TSP while 5.6% and 2.2% for PM 2.5 , respectively. The concentrations of OC, EC, TSP and PM 2.5 were observed higher in the day time than those in the night time. The observations were associated with the emission variations from anthropogenic activities. Two merged samples representing from south and north source areas were selected for radiocarbon analysis. The radiocarbon measurements showed 74% of water-insoluble OC (WINSOC) and 59% of EC in PM 2.5 derived from biomass burning and biogenic sources when the air masses were from south region, and 63% and 48% for the air masses from north, respectively. Combined with backward trajectories and daily burned area, open burning of agricultural wastes was found to be predominating, which was confirmed by the potential source contribution function (PSCF).

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“…This technique has advantages such as high sensitivity, cost efficiency, easy control, and a long effective absorption optical path. The CAPS instrument measures the phase shift of a distorted waveform of the modulated light from a light emitting diode (LED) in a sample cell with two high reflectivity mirrors (Sun et al, 2014). It has a demonstrated sensitivity of less than 2 Mm −1 for 1 s sampling periods.…”

Section: Capsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical distributions of aerosol optical properties during the spring 2016 ARIAs airborne campaign in the North China Plain

Wang

Ren

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Vertical distributions of aerosol optical properties derived from measurements made during 11 aircraft flights over the North China Plain (NCP) in May-June 2016 during the Air Chemistry Research In Asia (ARIAs) were analyzed. Aerosol optical data from in situ aircraft measurements show good correlation with ground-based measurements. The regional variability of aerosol optical profiles such as aerosol scattering and backscattering, absorption, extinction, single scattering albedo (SSA), and the Ångström exponent (α) are thoroughly characterized for the first time over the NCP. The SSA at 550 nm showed a regional mean value of 0.85 ± 0.02 with moderate to strong absorption and the α ranged from 0.49 to 2.53 (median 1.53), indicating both mineral dust and accumulation-mode aerosols. Most of the aerosol particles were located in the lowest 2 km of the atmosphere. We describe three typical planetary boundary layer (PBL) scenarios and associated transport pathways as well as the correlation between aerosol scattering coefficients and relative humidity (RH). Aerosol scattering coefficients decreased slowly with height in the clean PBL condition, but decreased sharply above the PBL under polluted conditions, which showed a strong correlation (R 2 ≥ 0.78) with ambient RH. Back-trajectory analysis shows that clean air masses generally originated from the distant northwestern part of China, while most of the polluted air masses were from the heavily polluted interior and coastal areas near the campaign region.

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Investigation of the sources and evolution processes of severe haze pollution in Beijing in January 2013

Cited by 684 publications

References 63 publications

Dome effect of black carbon and its key influencing factors: A one-dimensional modelling study

Dome effect of black carbon and its key influencing factors: A one-dimensional modelling study

Radiocarbon-based impact assessment of open biomass burning on regional carbonaceous aerosols in North China

Vertical distributions of aerosol optical properties during the spring 2016 ARIAs airborne campaign in the North China Plain

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