Investigation of the Renal Protective Effect of Combined Dietary Polyphenols in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Aged Rats

Abstract

Natural polyphenols are widely reported to have a large range of pharmacological properties, especially antioxidant activities and free radical scavenging capacities. In this study, we investigate the effects of naringin, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin mixtures (NCQ) on renal fibrosis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic aged rats and its underlying mechanisms for ten consecutive weeks. The oxidative defense system in the kidneys of treated rats was found to be improved. Several biomarkers were investigated including the blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid. Moreover, antioxidant parameters were evaluated and we found that superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, Na+-K+-ATPase activities, the nitric oxide production, the protein carbonyl, the advanced oxidation protein products, lipid peroxidation, and reduced glutathione levels were all significantly balanced and close to control values. In addition, NCQ restored renal injuries and fibrosis as assessed by histological method and molecular biology investigation of the matrix metalloproteinase, the transforming growth factor-beta TGF-β, the tumor necrosis factor TNFα, and p53 expression. Our study proposes the NCQ combination as potential plant-derived bioactive compounds to prevent diabetic nephropathy.

Protective effect of eriodictyol against hyperglycemia-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats entails antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects mediated by activating Nrf2

“…These findings agree with those of earlier research on diabetic individuals and animals ( Goodarzi et al, 2010 , Khaki et al, 2014 , Mestry et al, 2017 , Sanchez et al, 2018 , Matoba et al, 2020 , Vodošek Hojs et al, 2020 , Shawki et al, 2021 ). In addition, the kidneys of STZ-rats had significantly lower amounts of GSH, CAT, GPx, SOD, and HO-1, which indicate an overall consumption of antioxidants due to the overproduction of ROS, conforming to the results of previous studies ( Khaki et al, 2014 , Gomathi et al, 2014 , Chtourou et al, 2022 ). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of caspase-3 and Bax, as well as the cytoplasmic levels of cytochrome-c and protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 increased significantly, whereas the mRNA levels of Bcl2 reduced significantly in the diabetic rat kidneys.…”

Exploring the Role of Phenolic Compounds in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review

“…Research suggests that phenolic compounds may exert renoprotective effects according to several mechanisms [ 34 , 43 , 44 ]. Firstly, their antioxidant properties help counteract the oxidative stress burden imposed on renal tissues in CKD, thereby preserving renal function and attenuating disease progression.…”

Therapeutic Potential of Extracts from Macaranga tanarius (MTE) in Diabetic Nephropathy

“…Polyphenols from Physalis peruviana fruits significantly reduced serum creatinine levels and attenuated positive periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining signals in STZ-induced diabetic mice [ 8 ]. Chtourou et al demonstrated that STZ induced neutrophil infiltration and hypertrophied podocyte, whereas administration of a mixture of naringin, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin significantly reversed the phenomenon [ 9 ]. Administration of Shenkang pills, a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, evidently downregulated the activities of aurora kinase B and Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) and ameliorated renal podocyte dysfunction [ 10 ].…”