Investigation of the relationship between virulence factors and genotype of Candida spp. isolated from blood cultures

Sariguzel, Fatma Mutlu; Berk, Elife; Koç, Ayşe; Sav, Hafıze; Demir, Gonca

doi:10.3855/jidc.5359

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Proteinase production aids host immune system evasion through the degradation of albumin, α‐macroglobulin and other human proteins . Membrane phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase leads to cell lysis and causes tissue damage . In this study, virulence attributes production was more intense in C. albicans than in the other studied species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Accordingly, a study reported strong proteinase and phospholipase activities in C. albicans isolates; only one C. parapsilosis isolate was identified as a proteinase producer, and no phospholipase or proteinase activity was detected in the C. glabrata isolates . Furthermore, a study found higher phospholipase and proteinase activities in C. albicans isolates than in NCA species . A Brazilian study observed haemolytic activity in C. albicans , C. glabrata , C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Virulence factor production is of pivotal importance for candidemia establishment in the host. Enzyme production varies among Candida species and isolation sites . Erythrocyte lysis by haemolysins allows Candida spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility ofCandidaspp. isolated from bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil

Canela

Cardoso

Vitali

et al. 2017

Mycoses

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SummaryCandida spp. are responsible for 80% of all systemic fungal infections and are associated with high mortality rates. This study characterised 79 bloodstream isolates of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. orthopsilosis, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis from patients in a Brazilian hospital. The susceptibility to amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole and voriconazole was determined; virulence factor production was assessed based on haemolysin, phospholipase and proteinase activities, and the patients' clinical characteristics were analysed. C. albicans was the predominant species (44%), followed by C. glabrata (19%), C. tropicalis (19%), C. parapsilosis (14%) and C. orthopsilosis (4%). The candidemia incidence was 1.52 per 1000 admissions, and the crude mortality rate was 52%. One C. albicans isolate was resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole. Moreover, 20.2%, 2.5% and 3.8% of the isolates exhibited dosedependent susceptibility to fluconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin, respectively.In conclusion, although the C. glabrata incidence was higher than that usually described in Brazil, its increase was previously observed in studies conducted worldwide. Furthermore, the azole resistance of the C. albicans isolate could be due to previous exposure to these antifungals. These results highlight the importance of epidemiological studies and will facilitate an improved understanding of candidemia in the studied hospital. K E Y W O R D Santifungal susceptibility, Candida spp., candidemia, virulence factors

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility ofCandidaspp. isolated from bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil

Canela

Cardoso

Vitali

et al. 2017

Mycoses

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“…However, only an enzyme called Sapt1p was purified from culture supernatants and biochemically characterized (Zaugg et al, 2001). C. tropicalis is still able to produce satisfactory amounts of phospholipase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids in host cells membranes (Silva et al, 2012; Mutlu Sariguzel et al, 2015). Hemolysins are another group of enzymes involved in Candida spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Virulence Factors In vitro, Resistance to Osmotic Stress and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida tropicalis Isolated from the Coastal Environment of Northeast Brazil

et al. 2016

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Several studies have been developed regarding human health risks associated with the recreational use of beaches contaminated with domestic sewage. These wastes contain various micro-organisms, including Candida tropicalis. In this context, the objective of this study was to characterize C. tropicalis isolates from the sandy beach of Ponta Negra, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, regarding the expression of in vitro virulence factors, adaptation to osmotic stress and susceptibility to antifungal drugs. We analyzed 62 environmental isolates and observed a great variation among them for the various virulence factors evaluated. In general, environmental isolates were more adherent to human buccal epithelial cells (HBEC) than C. tropicalis ATCC13803 reference strain, and they also showed increased biofilm production. Most of the isolates presented wrinkled phenotypes on Spider medium (34 isolates, 54.8%). The majority of the isolates also showed higher proteinase production than control strains, but low phospholipase activity. In addition, 35 isolates (56.4%) had high hemolytic activity (hemolysis index > 0.55). With regard to C. tropicalis resistance to osmotic stress, 85.4% of the isolates were able to grow in a liquid medium containing 15% sodium chloride. The strains were highly resistant to the azoles tested (fluconazole, voriconazole and itraconazole). Fifteen strains were resistant to the three azoles tested (24.2%). Some strains were also resistant to amphotericin B (14 isolates; 22.6%), while all of them were susceptible for the echinocandins tested, except for a single strain of intermediate susceptibility to micafungin. Our results demonstrate that C. tropicalis isolated from the sand can fully express virulence attributes and showed a high persistence capacity on the coastal environment; in addition of showing high minimal inhibitory concentrations to several antifungal drugs used in current clinical practice, demonstrating that environmental isolates may have pathogenic potential.

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“…After incubation, a 10 μL suspension of each sample was deposited on plates containing the egg yolk agar medium (1% peptone, 3% glucose, 5% NaCl, 0.0006% CaCl2, 2% agar and 10% egg yolk). Plates were then incubated at 35°C for 48 h. The precipitation zone (Pz) value was calculated as follows [25]: Pz = . The Pz value was then used to evaluate the phospholipase activity and it was defined as follows [16]: Pz = 1, negative phospholipase activity; Pz = 0.90–0.99, very low phospholipase activity; Pz = 0.80–0.89, low phospholipase activity; Pz = 0.70–0.79, high phospholipase activity; Pz ≤ 0.69, very high phospholipase activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effects and Mechanisms of Budesonide in Combination with Fluconazole against Resistant Candida albicans

Liu

Huang

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Candida albicans is an important opportunistic pathogen, causing both superficial mucosal infections and life-threatening systemic diseases in the clinic. The emergence of drug resistance in Candida albicans has become a noteworthy phenomenon due to the extensive use of antifungal agents and the development of biofilms. This study showed that budesonide potentiates the antifungal effect of fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, our results demonstrated, for the first time, that the combination of fluconazole and budesonide can reverse the resistance of Candida albicans by inhibiting the function of drug transporters, reducing the formation of biofilms, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting the activity of extracellular phospholipases. This is the first study implicating the effects and mechanisms of budesonide against Candida albicans alone or in combination with fluconazole, which may ultimately lead to the identification of new potential antifungal targets.

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Investigation of the relationship between virulence factors and genotype of Candida spp. isolated from blood cultures

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility ofCandidaspp. isolated from bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil

Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility ofCandidaspp. isolated from bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil

Evaluation of Virulence Factors In vitro, Resistance to Osmotic Stress and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida tropicalis Isolated from the Coastal Environment of Northeast Brazil

Synergistic Effects and Mechanisms of Budesonide in Combination with Fluconazole against Resistant Candida albicans

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