Investigation of the pyrolytic liberation of molecular nitrogen from Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks

Krooß, Bernhard M.; Friberg, Lothar; Gensterblum, Yves; Hollenstein, Jan; Prinz, Dirk; Littke, Ralf

doi:10.1007/s00531-005-0012-3

Cited by 55 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The 15 N-values of molecular nitrogen from natural gases change from -15 to 18 ‰ (Gerling et al 1997). This isotopic fractionation results from both, the primary genetic factors and the secondary processes taking place during gas migration through the gas-rock and gas-reservoir fluids interfaces (Stahl 1977;Gerling et al 1997;Zhu et al 2000;Ballentine & Sherwood Lollar 2002;Krooss et al 2005). Nitrogen concentrations in the analysed natural gases vary from 5.11 to 8.60 vol.…”

Section: Paleozoic-mesozoic Natural Gases Of the Polish Carpathian Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of natural gases in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep

Kotarba¹

2012

Geologica Carpathica

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Hydrocarbon gases from Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous reservoirs in the Paleozoic basement of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep were generated mainly during low-temperature thermogenic processes ("oil window"). They contain only insignificant amounts of microbial methane and ethane. These gaseous hydrocarbons were generated from Lower Carboniferous and/or Middle Jurassic mixed Type III/II kerogen and from Ordovician-Silurian Type II kerogen, respectively. Methane, ethane and carbon dioxide of natural gas from the Middle Devonian reservoir contain a significant microbial component whereas their small thermogenic component is most probably genetically related to Ordovician-Silurian Type II kerogen. The gaseous hydrocarbons from the Upper Jurassic and the Upper Cretaceous reservoirs of the Mesozoic basement were generated both by microbial carbon dioxide reduction and thermogenic processes. The presence of microbial methane generated by carbon dioxide reduction suggests that in some deposits the traps had already been formed and sealed during the migration of microbial methane, presumably in the immature source rock environment. The traps were successively supplied with thermogenic methane and higher hydrocarbons generated at successively higher maturation stages of kerogen. The higher hydrocarbons of the majority of deposits were generated from mixed Type III/II kerogen deposited in the Middle Jurassic, Lower Carboniferous and/or Devonian strata. Type II or mixed Type II/III kerogen could be the source for hydrocarbons in both the Tarnów and Brzezówka deposits. In the Cenomanian sandstone reservoir of the Brzezowiec deposit and one Upper Jurassic carbonate block of the Lubaczów deposit microbial methane prevails. It migrated from the autochthonous Miocene strata.

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Section: Paleozoic-mesozoic Natural Gases Of the Polish Carpathian Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of natural gases in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep

Kotarba¹

2012

Geologica Carpathica

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“…This observation suggests that all the alkanes encountered in Opalinus Clay at Mont Terri arise from a common source, that they were produced at the same rate and that they have undergone similar migration chronicles. Regarding N 2 , it may originate from the alteration of organic and/or inorganic sedimentary matter during diagenesis (Krooss et al 1995(Krooss et al , 2005Grishina et al 1998). Both N 2 and alkanes could have been produced either inside or outside the Opalinus Clay, for example in underlying formations that are rich in organic matter.…”

Section: Origin Of Opalinus Clay N 2 and Alkanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural gas extraction and artificial gas injection experiments in Opalinus Clay, Mont Terri rock laboratory (Switzerland)

Vinsot

Appelo²,

Lundy

et al. 2017

Swiss J Geosci

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Two experiments have been installed at Mont Terri in 2004 and 2009 that allowed gas circulation within a borehole at a pressure between 1 and 2 bar. These experiments made it possible to observe the natural gases that were initially dissolved in pore-water degassing into the borehole and to monitor their content evolution in the borehole over several years. They also allowed for inert (He, Ne) and reactive (H 2 ) gases to be injected into the borehole with the aim either to determine their diffusion properties into the rock pore-water or to evaluate their removal reaction kinetics. The natural gases identified were CO 2 , light alkanes, He, and more importantly N 2 . The natural concentration of four gases in Opalinus Clay porewater was evaluated at the experiment location: N 2 2.2 mmol/L ± 25%, CH 4 0.30 mmol/L ± 25%, C 2 H 6 0.023 mmol/L ± 25%, C 3 H 8 0.012 mmol/L ± 25%.Retention properties of methane, ethane, and propane were estimated. Ne injection tests helped to characterize rock diffusion properties regarding the dissolved inert gases. These experimental results are highly relevant towards evaluating how the fluid composition could possibly evolve in the drifts of a radioactive waste disposal facility.

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“…. Krooss et al (2005) suggest that the organic matter can act as a nitrogen source up to a maturity level of 4% Vr. Depending on the temperatures and timing of late nitrogen generation, this might have contributed to nitrogen accumulation in the gas reservoirs (Gerling et al, 1999;De Jager & Geluk, 2007).…”

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of burial history, temperature, source rock maturity and hydrocarbon generation in the northwestern Dutch offshore

Fattah

Verweij

Witmans

et al. 2012

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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Abstract3D basin modelling is used to investigate the history of maturation and hydrocarbon generation on the main platforms in the northwestern part of the offshore area of the Netherlands. The study area covers the Cleaverbank and Elbow Spit Platforms. Recently compiled maps and data are used to build the input geological model. An updated and refined palaeo water depth curve and newly refined sediment water interface temperatures (SWIT) are used in the simulation. Basal heat flow is calculated using tectonic models. Two main source rock intervals are defined in the model, Westphalian coal seams and pre-Westphalian shales, which include Namurian and Dinantian successions. The modelling shows that the preWestphalian source rocks entered the hydrocarbon generation window in the Late Carboniferous. In the southern and central parts of the study area, the Namurian started producing gas in the Permian. In the north, the Dinantian source rocks appear to be immature. Lower Westphalian sediments started generating gas during the Upper Triassic. Gas generation from Westphalian coal seams increased during the Paleogene and continues in present-day. This late generation of gas from Westphalian coal seams is a likely source for gas accumulations in the area.Westphalian coals might have produced early nitrogen prior to or during the main gas generation occurrence in the Paleogene. Namurian shales may be a source of late nitrogen after reaching maximum gas generating phase in the Triassic. Temperatures reached during the Mid Jurassic were sufficiently high to allow the release of non-organic nitrogen from Namurian shales.

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Investigation of the pyrolytic liberation of molecular nitrogen from Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks

Cited by 55 publications

References 25 publications

Origin of natural gases in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep

Origin of natural gases in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep

Natural gas extraction and artificial gas injection experiments in Opalinus Clay, Mont Terri rock laboratory (Switzerland)

Reconstruction of burial history, temperature, source rock maturity and hydrocarbon generation in the northwestern Dutch offshore

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