Investigation of the Kinetics of Curing Reaction for the Resin Matrix Polymer Composite Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Jiang, Bo; He, Shufei; Huang, Yudong; Pan, Hongjie

doi:10.1080/05704928.2015.1049702

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…1 It has been well established that the properties of polymer blends are determined by a number of factors such as the proportion of each component and the morphology of blends, while the dispersion uniformity is one of the most critical parameters affecting the morphology of blends. 2,3 The traditional analytical methods of dispersion uniformity, such as the use of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the transmission electron microscope (TEM), are often conducted off-line by collecting small amounts of blend samples away from the process itself which may not be typical of the bulk of the material being processed. What is more, off-line methods are usually cost-intensive, destructive, and lead to large delays between the occurrence of defects or process instabilities and their detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What is more, off-line methods are usually cost-intensive, destructive, and lead to large delays between the occurrence of defects or process instabilities and their detection. 3 Thus, the development of an in-line measurement technique that enables real-time, rapid, and accurate characterization of dispersion uniformity continues to be of great practical interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Raman Spectroscopy for In-Line Measurement of Dispersion Uniformity of Polypropylene–Polystyrene Blends During Melt Extrusion

et al. 2018

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At present, there is a widespread phenomenon that product quality is difficult to monitor during the process of polymer melt modification such as blending, filling, and reinforcement. In consideration of this problem, this paper proposes an in-line Raman spectroscopy technique for measuring dispersion uniformity of polystyrene (PS) in polypropylene (PP)/PS blends during melt extrusion. On the basis of the optimal partial least squares (PLS) calibration model for quantitative determination of PS content in PP/PS, the fluctuations of PS content in extruding PP/PS with a mass percentage of 70 : 30 at different screw rotation speeds were predicted. The coefficient of variation (CV) of PS content at each screw rotation speed was obtained to accurately compare the dispersion uniformity, which was in agreement with the PS dispersion result characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the sensitivity of the measurement was validated by calculating the CV of PP/PS with mass percentages of 69 : 31 and 71 : 29. All of the above demonstrated that the in-line measurement system of Raman spectroscopy was able to accurately measure the dispersion uniformity of PS during the blending extrusion of PP/PS and demonstrated good sensitivity to minor changes in the blends composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Raman Spectroscopy for In-Line Measurement of Dispersion Uniformity of Polypropylene–Polystyrene Blends During Melt Extrusion

et al. 2018

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“…While NIR is well established in laboratories for investigating curing kinetics, e.g., [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], it is used for inline monitoring production processes of FRPC to a limited extent. The only case exploiting NIR for inline monitoring in composite processing represents its usage in prepreg production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usage of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Inline Monitoring the Degree of Curing in RTM Processes

et al. 2021

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Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was implemented in the resin transfer molding (RTM) process to inline monitor the degree of curing of a bio-based epoxy resin, which consists of epoxidized linseed oil (resin) and citric acid (hardener), respectively. A NIR micro-spectrometer was used for the development of robust calibration models using partial least squares (PLS) regression. Since the micro-spectrometer offers a smaller wavelength range compared with conventional NIR devices, and typical absorbance peaks are not directly involved in the captured data range, the results show new insights for the utilization of this technology. Different pre-treatments of the spectroscopic data have been tested, starting with different reference spectra, i.e., uncured resin and polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), and followed by chemometrical algorithms. As a reference method for the degree of curing, direct current (DC) supported by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used. The results show the potential of these cost-efficient and compact NIR micro-spectrometers for the intended inline monitoring purpose to gain relevant information feedback during the process.

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“…The traditional field maintenance methods to cure CFRPs parts mainly include heat blankets heating, infrared radiation etc., among which the low heating/curing rates and non-uniform temperature distribution field limit the efficiency and quality of repairing process. 15–16 These conventional heating methods generally follow the principle of heat transferring from the external heat source. Resulting from the poor thermal conductivity along the thickness of CFRPs patches, a temperature gradient ineluctably appears in the above repairing process, and a follow-up large thermal stress inside the repair area would significantly destroy the curing quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-resistive electrical heating for rapid repairing of carbon fiber reinforced composite parts

Liu

Xiao

et al. 2019

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastics have been widely applied in aircraft structures, which require more rapidly repairing process when carbon fiber reinforced plastics structures are damaged. A novel method of self-resistive electrical heating to rapidly repair carbon fiber reinforced plastics parts was investigated, which utilizes the electrical current passing through the carbon fiber to generate heat and directly cure the whole carbon fiber reinforced plastics patches. A portable self-resistive electrical repairer with automatic temperature control unit was developed. Repair experiments of self-resistive electrical and the electrical blanket heating were conducted, in which the heating temperature distribution field was observed by the thermal infrared imager. The degree of cure of different samples was characterized, and the cross-section morphology and void content of different samples were assessed. Flexural and inter-laminar shear tests were carried out. The experiment results showed that the flexural and interlaminar shear strength recovery ratio of self-resistive electrical repaired samples attained to 85.48% and 65.89%, which was the same or even slightly higher level as the blanket repairing process, but only cost 62% repairing period and 58% repairing energy of the later one. Finally, from the experimental results, the heat transfer behavior of different processes was analyzed.

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Investigation of the Kinetics of Curing Reaction for the Resin Matrix Polymer Composite Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

Application of Raman Spectroscopy for In-Line Measurement of Dispersion Uniformity of Polypropylene–Polystyrene Blends During Melt Extrusion

Application of Raman Spectroscopy for In-Line Measurement of Dispersion Uniformity of Polypropylene–Polystyrene Blends During Melt Extrusion

Usage of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Inline Monitoring the Degree of Curing in RTM Processes

Self-resistive electrical heating for rapid repairing of carbon fiber reinforced composite parts

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