Investigation of the hydrolysis of aqueous solutions of aluminum chloride. 2. Nature and structure by small-angle x-ray scattering

Bottero, Jean‐Yves; Tchoubar, D.; Cases, J. M.; Fiessinger, F.

doi:10.1021/j100215a034

Cited by 161 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(2 reference statements)

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“…The degree of pre-hydrolysis is expressed as a hydroxide-to-aluminum ratio expressed in terms of basicity (B). PACl has been found to be superior to the traditional Al-based coagulants (e.g., AlCl 3 and alum) for particulate and/or organic matter removal under some conditions in which significant amounts of high-charged polynuclear aluminum hydrolysis products (Al b ) are present (Bottero et al, 1982;Dempsey et al, 1985;Pasrthasarathy and Buffle, 1985;Edzwald, 1993;Matsui et al, 1998). In other cases, PACl does not demonstrate superior performance (Odegaard et al, 1990;Van Benschoten and Edzwald, 1990;Lind, 1994;Sinha et al, 2004) and the chemical processes determining the relative benefits are not well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enhanced coagulation with polyaluminum chlorides: Role of pH/Alkalinity and speciation

et al. 2008

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enhanced coagulation with polyaluminum chlorides: Role of pH/Alkalinity and speciation

et al. 2008

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“…However, its superiority in terms of fluoride removal as compared to AlCl 3 and the mechanisms involved in has rarely been investigated. PACl contains a serial of Al species, of which Al 13 ([AlO 4 Al 12 (OH) 24 (H 2 O) 12 ] 7+ ) is the dominant species [18,19]. Al 13 can also be in situ generated in AlCl 3 coagulation at pH 5.5, with the in situ Al 13 species exhibiting better removal of haloacetic acid precursors than preformed PACl does, as indicated from our previous study [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Coagulation behaviors of aluminum salts towards fluoride: Significance of aluminum speciation and transformation

Lan

Gong

et al. 2016

Separation and Purification Technology

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a b s t r a c tThis study investigates the effects of aluminum (Al) and F interactions on the coagulation behaviors of Al salts, i.e., AlCl 3 and polymer aluminum chloride (PACl) at different basicity (B) towards fluoride. These coagulants achieve the optimum fluoride removal over pH 6-7, and PACl exhibits higher removal efficiency than AlCl 3 does over pH 4-9. The removal of fluoride is positively correlated with the content of either Al 13 or Al b in Al-based coagulants over pH 4-9 and increases in the order: PACl 2 > PACl 1 > AlCl 3 . As for PACl, the increased B from 0 to 2.4 improves fluoride removal owing to the elevated ratios of Al b . However, at further increased B to 2.8, the formation of colloidal Al species

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“…Il existe, en effet, de nombreuses espèces intermédiaires entre l'ion AI 3 * hydraté et le trihydroxyde d'aluminium. Différentes structures de complexes polynucléaires ont ainsi été proposées par BROSSET et al (1954), MATIJEVIC et " STRYKER (1766), HAYDEN et RUBIN (1974), BOTTERO et al (1980BOTTERO et al ( ) (1982 ainsi que par KAPOL'SKii (1987).…”

Section: Pour Pallier Ces Inconvénients Le Service Des Eaux De La VIunclassified

Modélisation mathématique du taux de coagulant dans une station de traitement d'eau

Bazer-Bachi¹,

Puech-Coste²,

Aim³

et al. 2005

rseau

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Les auteurs, après une synthèse bibliographique sur la coagulation, présentent deux modèles mathématiques reliant la dose optimale d'un coagulant, le sulfate d'aluminium, à la qualité de l'eau brute.Un premier modèle applicable aux eaux dont la turbidité est inférieure à 20 NTU tient compte de quatre variables caractéristiques de l'eau brute qui sont : la turbidité, la résistivité, la température, la teneur en matières organiques.Le second modèle, utilisable pendant les périodes de crue, intègre un cinquième descripteur : la nature de la suspension minérale.Des essais effectués sur l'usine de Clairfont, qui alimente la rive gauche de Toulouse, montrent que ces modèles sont parfaitement adaptés pour automatiser l'injection du coagulant.When the source of supply of a water treatment plant has a streaming behaviour, it is sometimes difficult to adjust correctly the coagulant dose by jar-testing alone.Following this remark, the municipal water utilities of Toulouse city (France) has decided to conduct a study on the modelisation of coagulant dose as a function of the quality of raw water.This study started first by a bibliographic survey to find the main parameters which affect the flocculation mechanisms, followed by a hydrologic study of the upper Garonne river to characterize as well as possible its behavior.This was following by a study of the influence of certain parameters on the efficiency of coagulation by aluminium sulfate on synthetic waters having characteristics close to those of the Garonne river (BAZER-BACHI, 1986). This work showed the rote of the turbidity, of the resistivity, of the temperature and of the nature of mineral suspension. It also indicated the non-linearity between the optimum coagulant dose and these parameters as well as the interactions between them.These conclusions led us to use a second degree polynomial model, as : k k kY = bo + ∑ bi Xi + ∑ bii X2i + ∑ bij Xi Xj i = 1, j = 2, i ≠ jData were collected from modified jar-test on water from the Garonne River, characterized by physico-chemical (turbidity, temperature, pH, resistivity, CEC, MES, colloid titralion, organic matters) and chemical analyses (mineralisation). As the hydrological study showed that the nature of colloid suspension changed only during storm events, the modelisation was divided in two sub-groups :- a « CALME » model, comprising four variables (turbidity, resistivity, temperature, organic matters), for low turbidity waters (below 20 NTU),- a « CRUES » a model, using a fifth parameter representative of the nature of suspension (the ratio between colloid titration and turbidity).The « CALME » model, which fitted very well, showed the primordial influence of the temperature and organic matters, and then of the turbidity. Removal of resistivity was not advisable, as this parameter showed strong interactions with turbidity and organic matters (fig. 3, 4).The « CRUES » model showed the primordial role of the turbidity followed by the temperature and then by organic matters. The tw...

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Investigation of the hydrolysis of aqueous solutions of aluminum chloride. 2. Nature and structure by small-angle x-ray scattering

Cited by 161 publications

References 1 publication

Enhanced coagulation with polyaluminum chlorides: Role of pH/Alkalinity and speciation

Enhanced coagulation with polyaluminum chlorides: Role of pH/Alkalinity and speciation

Coagulation behaviors of aluminum salts towards fluoride: Significance of aluminum speciation and transformation

Modélisation mathématique du taux de coagulant dans une station de traitement d'eau

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