Investigation of the Hydraulic Resistance of a Combined Dust Collector

Abstract

A new structure of a combined dust collector, in the unified energy field of which suspended particles are separated in interacting swirling flows, with subsequent aftercleaning of the gas by filtration has been developed. The hydraulic resistance of the combined dust collector has been investigated. The change in the pressure loss as a function of the total rate of flow of the gas in the apparatus and the flow-rate ratio has been determined. The dependence for calculation of the hydraulic resistance of this dust collector has been obtained.Inertial gas collectors, mechanical and electric filters, and apparatuses whose action is based on the use of thermal, magnetic, diffusional, acoustic, and other mechanisms of deposition and their different combinations are used in aspiration and pneumatic-transport systems at enterprises of the food industry and other industries of the national economy [1,2]. The most widespread are inertial apparatuses for dry and wet cleaning of the gas from dust; preference is given to dry dust collectors.Among the existing principles of inertial dust collecting, the most efficient and perfect is that of separation of dust in the centrifugal field. Cyclones in which this technique is realized are representative of the most widespread dust-collecting equipment at present. They are easy to manufacture, operate, and maintain.The required efficiency of cleaning of gases in collection of a coarse fraction (30-40 µm) is ensured in cyclones. In separation of a fine dust, particularly when its concentration is high, they act as the apparatus of precleaning of the gas and are used as the first stage of a gas-cleaning unit.The technique of separation of suspended particles in swirling counterflows enables one to overcome the energy level of centrifugal cleaning of gases in a traditional cyclone. Numerous vortex dust collectors different in structure and having a number of advantages over cyclones have been created based on it [3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, in collection of particles less than 8 µm, the efficiency of cleaning of the gas in vortex gas collectors is reduced.Combined dust collectors -filter cyclones -and dust-collecting systems consisting of two or more apparatuses placed in series are used at enterprises of the food industry to isolate a fine dust from a gas flow. Inertial dust collectors of differential structures are used as the first stage of cleaning. At the final stage, filters are placed for fine cleaning of the gas. Such systems ensure the required efficiency but are characterized by a large specific quantity of metal and a high energy consumption, most of which is accounted for by the filters. This is attributed to their structural complexity, the limited service life of the filter material, and the necessity of regenerating it [9,10].Filter cyclones are less metal-intensive. However, the dust load on the filter cloth in the cyclone remains fairly large at the first stage because of the comparatively low efficiency of collecting of dust.We have developed a fundamentally new struc...

Study of small-size inertial louver-countercurrent dust collector

“…To measure the mass of dust, an electronic scale VLTK-500M was used with an accuracy of 0.1 g. The total mass of the dust sample was 1000 g, the experiment time was 2 minutes. The hydraulic resistance PSV (Pa) is the difference in the total pressure of the air flow at the inlet PV1 and outlet PV2 of the dust collector [15]. The air flow pressure was measured using a Pitot-Prandtl tube and a micromanometer MMN-2400, the air temperature was measured with an electronic thermometer, the relative humidity was measured with an aspiration psychrometer MV-4M, the atmospheric pressure was measured with a barometer BAMM, and the velocity of dust particles hovering was measured with a pneumatic classifier Petkus K-293.…”