Investigation of the Genotoxic, Antigenotoxic and Antioxidant Profile of Different Extracts from Equisetum arvense L.

Abstract

The present study investigated the cyto-genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of four different extracts of Equisetum arvense L. (common name: field horsetail) on human lymphocytes. Specifically, Soxhlet’s prepared extracts from E. arvense L., using different solvents (S1: methanol (MeOH)-, S2: ethanol (EtOH)-, S3: water-, and S4: ethanol/water (EtOH-W)-) were analyzed for (a) their total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC, respectively), (b) their antioxidant activity (AA), via the DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays, and (c) their cyto-genotoxic and/or protective efficiency against the mutagenic agent mitomycin C, via the Cytokinesis Block MicroNucleus assay. All extracts showed increased TPC, TFC, and AA values in almost all cases. S1, S3 and S4 demonstrated no cytotoxic potential, whereas S2 was cytotoxic only at the highest concentrations. Genotoxicity was not observed in the tested extracts. The highest antigenotoxic activity was observed for EtOH-W (S4) extract, which was found to be rich in flavonoids, flavonoid-O-glycosides, phytosterols, phenolic and fatty acids as well as in minerals and mainly in K, Ca, Mg, Si and P, as assessed by using various mass spectrometry techniques. Those findings confirm that E. arvense L. extracts could be valuable candidates for medicinal applications and pharmaceutical products, thus alleviating the effects of more conventional drugs.

Genotoxic and Anti-Genotoxic Potential of Hydrosols from Water–Steam Distillation of Oil-Bearing Roses Rosa centifolia L. and Rosa gallica L. from Bulgaria

“…They have well-expressed pharmacological and antioxidant activities [50,[58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. Many studies reported that antioxidant compounds also have antimutagenic, anti-genotoxic and anti-cancerogenic effects [7,65,66]. This fact challenged us to study the anti-cytotoxic and anti-genotoxic potential of rose hydrosols against the direct mutagen MNNG.…”

“…There has been growing interest in various plant products and compounds of plant origin that help cells to activate their defence mechanisms. Essential oils [1][2][3][4] and hydrosols and extracts [5][6][7][8] of oleaginous plants have many biological effects due to the wide range of compounds they contain. These compounds contribute to their healing effects, including the protection of the genome against injuries caused by factors of different origin.…”

Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Cyto-Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Potential of Salvia verticillata Hydromethanolic Extract

“…HPLC reference standards, rosmarinic acid (99%), and luteolin 7- O -glucoside (98.9%), were purchased from Phytolab (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). All the chemical reagents used for the CBMN assay are reported in our previous work [ 58 ] (see Supplementary Materials Section S3.1 ).…”

“…The statistical analysis was conducted according to previous work [ 58 ] (see Supplementary Materials Section S3.7.3 ).…”

Functional Properties and Acceptability of Potentially Medicinal Tea Infusions Based on Equisetum arvense, Desmodium molliculum, and Mentha piperita

“…This presents a challenge to investigate the mechanisms of action, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, active ingredients, and industrialization of products in the metabolites of potentially medicinal plants to add curative, preventative, and innovative effects against various mild and/or chronic diseases (Rojas et al, 2003;Gordillo et al, 2019). One of them is the species Equisetum arvense, commonly called "horsetail," a widely used for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and other benefits (Al-Snafi, 2017), as well as its cytotoxic and antigenotoxic effects by activating antioxidant transcription in the promoter regions of genes that induce oxidative stress, limiting cancerous proliferation (Batir-Marin et al, 2021;Dormousoglou et al, 2022), with diuretic, antiprostatic, and renal properties thanks to flavonoids and potassium salts, which also confer demineralizing properties and contribute to the maintenance of collagen by increasing tissue elasticity (Batir-Marin et al, 2021;Boeing et al, 2021). Desmodium molliculum also known as "dog's paw" or "Manayupa," is an intriguing plant with multifunctional properties very similar to those of E. arvense, as demonstrated by studies demonstrating its high healing capacity, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, contraceptive, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective, effects, associated with alleviating fevers, relieving inflammation, and other diseases (Boeing et al, 2021), associated with alleviating fevers, dysentery, liver diseases, wound healing, ulcers, eye diseases, abdominal tumors, asthma, nasal polyps, menstrual disorders, colds, and kidney problems, among many others (Ayala-Mata et al, 2020;Olascuaga-Castillo et al, 2020;Joshi et al, 2023).…”