Investigation of the functional properties and subcellular localization of alpha human and rainbow trout estrogen receptors within a unique yeast cellular context

In vitro estrogenic activity of cereal‐based products: Reliability and relevance considerations

“…To improve the interpretation of the study, the raw data were obtained from the testing laboratory, comprising a series of test runs each containing optical density readings for three replicates of each treatment/concentration before and after a specified, but variable, incubation period. This is consistent with previous work from the same laboratory which quantified estrogen receptor activation as β‐galactosidase activity expressed as reaction rates (Le Grand et al, 2015). To assess the raw data, the initial optical density was subtracted from the final reading and then divided by the elapsed time to obtain the reaction rate for each individual replicate.…”

“…The bioassay is constituted by a S. cerevisiae yeast transiently transformed with a human estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). The activation of the receptor is detected by measuring the ERα‐mediated induction of a β‐galactosidase gene reporter (Le Grand et al, 2015). Cereal samples (10 g) were extracted into a final volume of 600 µl acetone.…”

“…The presence of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in food is attracting increasing scientific, public, regulatory, and industrial attention (Commission, 2016; JRC, 2020; LaMotte, 2020). This has triggered the development of various experimental testing tools (US EPA, 1998a; EPA, 1998b; OECD, 2012a, 2018) and the generation of an extensive amount of diverse analytical and biological data (Bovee et al, 2006; Dinelli et al, 2009; Dykes, 2007; Hostetler et al, 2017; Kuhnle et al, 2009; Lampe, 2003; Le Grand et al, 2015; Leoncini et al, 2012; Lovejoy, 2017; Morito et al, 2001, 2002; Neveu et al, 2010; Ososki & Kennelly, 2003; Perez‐Jimenez et al, 2010a,b; Promberger et al, 2001; Puranik et al, 2019; Rietjens et al, 2017; Shappell et al, 2019; Smeriglio et al, 2018; Welshons et al, 1990; Zilic, 2016). Among others are those obtained with in vitro bioassays, providing information on endocrine activities such as estrogen receptor activation.…”

Endocrine Disruption, Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of an Organophosphorus Insecticide

“…The YES assay was performed according to Le Grand et al [17] method. Yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae were transformed with an inducible plasmid pY60herα containing a gene encoding human estrogen receptor-alpha (hERα) and an expression plasmid YRPE2 encompassing the reporter gene lac-Z coding for the enzyme β-galactosidase.…”