Investigation of the formability behaviour during stamping of tufted and un-tufted carbon preforms: towards localized reinforcement technologies

The originality of this work consists of studying the stamping behaviour of tufted and un-tufted multi-layer carbon preforms. Several tufted preforms with different stratifications have been manufactured. The stamping test was carried out using a hemispherical punch and conducted at two blank-holder pressures (0.05 and 0.2 MPa). The experimental data show that the addition of tufting yarn, the number of layers and the blank-holder pressure significantly affected the forming behaviour: the tufted preform presents a higher punch force, lower material drawin and shear angles with significant structural defects than the un-tufted preform. The increase of the blank-holder pressure increases all these characteristics and emphasizes the structural defects on the fibrous reinforcements. Similarly, the transition from two layers to four layers lamination at the same blank-holder pressure is followed by an increase of the punch force, reducing the material draw-in and the shear angles especially those measured at the transient zone, and causes more structural defects on all stamped preforms. Therefore, two localized tufting configurations, Right Localized Tufted and Inclined Localized Tufted, at the stamping transition area have been proposed. The results show that these two configurations present a minimum punch force and a maximum material draw-in similar to those measured on the un-tufted structure. The shear angles are much greater than those recorded on the conventionally (fully) tufted preform. Thus, the localized tufting in the most stressed areas proves to be the most suitable solution for the stamped preforms.

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“…Fig. 2 shows the forming device used in the present study to characterize the textile reinforcements formability [8].…”

Section: F Forming De Orming Device Vicementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the formability behaviour of optimized tufted and un-tufted multi-layer carbon preforms during the stamping process

Gnaba¹,

Damien²,

Legrand³

et al. 2021

Esaform 2021

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“…A great deal of study was carried out to characterize the mechanical properties of 3D textiles and their composites, which were produced by weaving, 2,3 knitting, 4,5 stitching, 6,7 braiding, 8,9 tufting, 10,11 or nonwoven 12,13 methods. However, their mechanical properties were comparatively investigated in the few studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the bending and quasi‐static indentation properties of three‐dimensional (3D) textile‐reinforced composites

Korkmaz

2023

Polymer Composites

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The three‐dimensional (3D) textiles, which are identified as advanced fabric systems, have been under development for decades and are demanded for number of structural or semi‐structural applications. They can be obtained by several production methods. These methods impart distinct, specific properties to the 3D textiles and their composites. However, the discrepancies in the production methods and their effects on the dry structure and composite mechanics need to be elucidated. In this study, the compressibility and bending properties of 3D woven, 3D multiaxis warp knitted, and 3D stitched fabrics were determined. Afterward, their composites were produced and tested under three‐point bending and quasi‐static indentation loads. Therefore, the load bearing capacity of 3D textiles was investigated from the dry structure to the composite. According to the purpose of the end‐uses, significant differences were obtained in their mechanical behaviors. When the indentation properties and damage mechanism are taken into consideration, the 3D woven composite shows the best performance among all composites.Highlights Quadriaxial oriented low crimp carbon yarns gain the best quasi‐static indentation resistance to composites. The stitching process prevents damage progress in composites and restrains smaller areas. Binding warp yarn enables the composite distribute indentation energy more evenly.

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“…A novel material recently used for the out-of-plane reinforcement of structural composite joints is the shape memory alloy (SMA), whose filaments can be tufted through the thickness of the laminate to improve the mechanical strength, delamination resistance and fracture toughness [20,22,[25][26][27][28][29]. SMAs also exhibit the shape memory effect, so that their combined thermo-electrical and thermo-mechanical properties make them suitable for a wide range of applications [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material-Enabled Impact Detection and Damage Localisation System Using Shape Memory Alloy Tufted Composites

Adeyemi,

Khor,

Ciampa

2023

Sensors

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Shape memory alloy (SMA) tufted composites have shown a significant improvement of the mechanical strength, fracture toughness, and delamination resistance of structural joints. This paper investigated the self-sensing functionality of SMA tufted carbon/epoxy composite T-joints to enable in situ strain monitoring for the detection of low-velocity impacts. Indeed, large deformations in the tufted composite due to impacts caused abrupt changes in electrical resistance of SMA filaments, which were used to trigger the detection system. An Arduino Mega controller was programmed to simultaneously extract and process real-time electrical resistance recordings from SMA tufts during impact tests conducted at 5 J and 10 J. Experimental results showed that the proposed SMA-enabled detection system can capture accurately the time of the impact and localise the delamination onset, thus demonstrating the truly multifunctional capabilities of proposed SMA tufted composites.

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Investigation of the formability behaviour during stamping of tufted and un-tufted carbon preforms: towards localized reinforcement technologies

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Investigation of the formability behaviour of optimized tufted and un-tufted multi-layer carbon preforms during the stamping process

Investigation of the formability behaviour of optimized tufted and un-tufted multi-layer carbon preforms during the stamping process

Investigation of the bending and quasi‐static indentation properties of three‐dimensional (3D) textile‐reinforced composites

Material-Enabled Impact Detection and Damage Localisation System Using Shape Memory Alloy Tufted Composites

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