Investigation of the evaporation process and sonic limits in sodium heat pipes

Ivanovskii, M. N.; Prosvetov, V. V.; Sorokin, V. P.; Chulkov, B. A.; Yagodkin, I. V.

doi:10.1007/bf00860904

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…The boiling limit happens when the radial heat flux is too high and affects the fluid flow by boiling (Nemec et al, 2013). Ivanovskii et al (1977) performed the experiments on two sodium heat pipes equipped with distinct composite wicks in order to investigate the impact of wick structure on the sonic limit at 1,500-3,000 W of heating power. Faghri et al (1991) found the capillary limit for an evaporator tilt angle of 5.7 °, which was affected by copper contamination in the working fluid and dry evaporator wicks that caused gases that could not be condensed.…”

Section: Heat Transfer Limitations Of Hpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of reactor conceptual design and thermal hydraulic characteristics for heat pipe in nuclear systems

Wang,

Ren,

2023

Front. Energy Res.

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Heat pipe cooled reactors (HPCRs) have broad application prospects due to their advantages, such as high power density, compact structure, lower cost, and easy modular assembly. Numerous countries have engaged in extensive research and development of HPCR conceptual designs. The heat from the reactor is removed by high temperature heat pipes (HTHPs), which generally employ alkali metals as the working fluid, such as potassium, sodium, and lithium. Understanding the thermal-hydraulic performance of HTHPs is essential for the safe and efficient operation of a reactor. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of HPCR conceptual designs developed by various countries in recent years. The research progress of HTHPs on flow and heat transfer performance is reviewed, with an emphasis on both transient and steady-state characteristics. Research progress, as well as the issues that need to be focused on in future research, are discussed in detail.

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Section: Heat Transfer Limitations Of Hpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of reactor conceptual design and thermal hydraulic characteristics for heat pipe in nuclear systems

Wang,

Ren,

2023

Front. Energy Res.

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Experimental study of non-condensable gas effects on sonic limit of sodium heat pipe

Zhang

Miao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Hybrid Heat Pipe Shutdown Rod as a Novel Concept of Passive Safety System for Microreactor

Lee,

Bang

2024

International Journal of Energy Research

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Ensuring the structural integrity of the monolithic core, which houses critical components such as heat pipes and fuel rods, is crucial for the safety of a microreactor. This research introduces a hybrid heat pipe shutdown rod as a novel passive safety system to address potential temperature rises in the monolithic core during accidents. It is designed to perform a dual function under accident conditions. It simultaneously absorbs neutrons and removes heat through structural modifications to the existing shutdown rod. Specifically, this system provides a heat transfer path within the monolithic core without increasing the size of the microreactor. By selecting cesium as the working fluid, we aimed to achieve rapid operation of the heat pipe to quickly reduce the temperature gradient in the monolithic core under accident conditions. The hybrid heat pipe was fabricated and evaluated and found to develop continuous flow even at temperatures around 205.1°C. However, its unique structure causes a pronounced converging–diverging effect, resulting in a temperature drop from about 70–170°C in the evaporator region, followed by a slight recovery to below 50°C in the condenser. This effect arises from changes in the cesium vapor mass flow rate due to phase changes and variations in the flow area between the evaporator and condenser. Despite these effects, the use of liquid cesium as the working fluid enables the hybrid heat pipe to operate under natural convection, avoiding startup problems that could cause flow blockage.

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Investigation of the evaporation process and sonic limits in sodium heat pipes

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Review of reactor conceptual design and thermal hydraulic characteristics for heat pipe in nuclear systems

Review of reactor conceptual design and thermal hydraulic characteristics for heat pipe in nuclear systems

Experimental study of non-condensable gas effects on sonic limit of sodium heat pipe

Hybrid Heat Pipe Shutdown Rod as a Novel Concept of Passive Safety System for Microreactor

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