Investigation of the energy characteristics of a cw gas-flow electric-discharge CO₂amplifier

Hyperfine transition in light muonic atoms of oddZ

“…Note also that the upper level is F=1 and the lower level F=0, so that if a fast hyperfine transition does occur, there can be no residual polarization. Later asymmetry measurements by Hutchinson et al [22] and Babaev et al [23] observed no asymmetry and set limits at 10% of the value observed by Egorov et al, thus indicating that the hyperfine transition was fast, as suggested by Winston [2] who calculated 58 µs −1 , i.e. τ = 17 ns.…”

“…These are tightly bound. However odd Z nuclei like 19 F, 23 Na, 27 Al, and 31 P tend to have N=Z+1 and so, transforming a proton to a neutron proceeds to a nucleus even more neutron rich and more likely to fall apart. The typical neutron energy spectrum after muon capture is composed of two components, an evaporation spectrum peaked at about 1.5 MeV followed by a high energy tail starting around 5 or 6 MeV [19].…”