Investigation of the effect of biological products on sunflower yield and removal of husks and seeds from the crushed chemical elements

Abstract

Purpose. Study of the effect of biological products on sunflower yield and removal of chemical elements from the soil with husks and grain. Methods. Microbiological, field, analytical-experimental. Results. According to the research results, it was confirmed that the use of biological products makes it possible to regulate the intra-soil agrochemical process, influence the absorption coefficients of chemical elements from the soil by husks, seeds and leaves, increase crop increase and obtain environmentally friendly seeds. Sunflower carries a lot of phosphorus out of the soil. Conclusions. According to the results of production studies on the impact of biological products on the yield of sunflower of the French selection “Alzan” and the ecological purity of grain, it is established: 1. The use of biopreparations Bioecofunge-3, Bioecofunge-3 + Cerium and Ce + Bacillus subtilis makes it possible to regulate the intra-soil agrochemical process, including influencing the absorption rates of chemical elements from the soil with husks, seeds and leaves, increasing the increase in yield in the range of 20.95–41.21% and obtaining environmentally friendly sunflower seeds. It is confirmed that sunflower seeds are very depleting of phosphorus from the soil (phosphorus absorption rate is 40.0). 2. To replenish the soil with phosphorus, it is necessary to use husks for composting. Burning husks and leaves to obtain energy recovery will lead to environmental pollution by ions of phosphorus, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, germanium, lead and bismuth. 3. To reduce environmental pollution in post-harvest current operations from γ – radiation, it is necessary to improve the purification of sunflower seeds in the combine. 4. In order to obtain environmentally hazardous crop production, it is necessary to justify the MPC on the gross content of chemical elements in the soil from hydrogen to uranium and in the process of performing technological operations in the mode of the unit's movement to automatically compare the determined gross content of chemical elements with justified MPC, and make a decision on the choice of necessary technological operations in the introduction of biological products for the creation of growth conditions in the intra-soil agrochemical environment and development of cultivated crops and obtaining dangerous agricultural products, but for this it is necessary to develop a universal program for the regulation of the intra-soil agrochemical process, taking into account the peculiarities of the soil and climatic zones of Ukraine and climate change on planet Earth. Keywords: verbatim, soil, chemical elements, biologics, absorption rate, sunflower, husks, seeds, yield, ecology.