Investigation of the effect of S/In molar ratio on physical properties of sprayed In₂S₃ thin films

Abstract

Indium sulfide (In2S3) thin films have been synthesized on glass substrates using the spray technique (CSP).

The Synthesis and the effect of Cu on optoelectronic qualities of β-In2S3 as a window layer for CIGS thin film solar cells

“…The atomic force microscope images of the samples are presented in Figure 7, and the shape of the surface is shown by referring to the AFM photographs (1 µm × 1 µm for In2S3). The obtained results show that the surface consists of a group of spherical granules that increase with the doping, which is confirmed by the study [40]. The surface roughness depends on doping Cu with In2S3 and separates the high-density groups of different parts of the voids [41].…”

“…The dispersion energy was found using the Wemple and DiDomenico model (individual oscillator) using (Eq .16) [40]:…”

Indium Chalcogenide Nanomaterials in the Forefront of Recent Technological Advancements

“…In both works, it becomes apparent that the physical alterations of the films are necessary to improve selectivity, sensitivity and efficiency. There are two notable recent reports which have provided preliminary solutions as per above: (i) band gap (1.9-2.3 eV) and electrical resistivity (5.5 x 10 0 -6.0 x 10 3 Ωm) control through thermal treatment of as-prepared In 2 S 3 thin films at different temperatures in the presence/absence of sulfur powder [17], and (ii) tunable morphological (root mean square roughness) and optical properties (transmittance and photoluminescence) of the In 2 S 3 thin films by varying the S/In molar ratio in spray pyrolysis deposition experiments [18].…”