Investigation of the Association Between Angiographically Defined Coronary Artery Disease and Periodontal Disease

Malthaner, Scott C.; Moore, Scott A.; Mills, Michael P.; Saad, Robert M.; Sabatini, Robert; Takacs, Vincent J.; McMahan, C. Alex; Oates, Thomas W.

doi:10.1902/jop.2002.73.10.1169

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…All these studies have shown a positive association between periodontal disease and CVD. This was also established in the studies by Ruquet et al .,[38] Geismar et al .,[39] Geerts et al .,[40] Malthaner et al .,[41] Geerts et al .,[40] Sim et al .,[42] Alman et al .,[43] Amoian et al .,[44] and Hashemipour et al . [45]…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

A cross-sectional survey to study the relationship of periodontal disease with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus

Oberoi¹,

Harish

Hiremath

et al. 2016

J Indian Soc Periodontol

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Background:Periodontal deterioration has been reported to be associated with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, respiratory disease, liver cirrhosis, bacterial pneumonia, nutritional deficiencies, and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Aim:The present study assessed the periodontal disease among patients with systemic conditions such as diabetes, CVD, and respiratory disease.Materials and Methods:The study population consisted of 220 patients each of CVD, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus, making a total of 660 patients in the systemic disease group. A control group of 340 subjects were also included in the study for comparison purpose. The periodontal status of the patients with these confirmed medical conditions was assessed using the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITNs) index.Results:The prevalence of CPITN code 4 was found to be greater among the patients with respiratory disease whereas the mean number of sextants with score 4 was found to be greater among the patients with diabetes mellitus and CVD. The treatment need 0 was found to be more among the controls (1.18%) whereas the treatment need 1, 2, and 3 were more among the patients with respiratory disease (100%, 97.73%, and 54.8%), diabetes mellitus (100%, 100% and 46.4%), and CVD (100%, 97.73%, and 38.1%), in comparison to the controls (6.18%).Conclusion:From the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that diabetes mellitus, CVD, and respiratory disease are associated with a higher severity of periodontal disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

A cross-sectional survey to study the relationship of periodontal disease with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus

Oberoi¹,

Harish

Hiremath

et al. 2016

J Indian Soc Periodontol

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“…In the final statistical model, the odds ratio of 3.06 for the association between poor periodontal status and CHD remained statistically significant. Other studies have reported odds ratios of between 0.9 and 3.2 6‐9,11,12,26 for this association with evidence of a dose response between the severity of periodontitis and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. A recent study in Sweden reported a much stronger association between acute myocardial infarction and chronic periodontitis with odds ratios ranging from 9.2 to 14.1 depending on the criteria used to identify periodontitis 10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Angiographically Confirmed Coronary Heart Disease and Periodontal Disease in Middle‐Aged Males

Briggs

McKeown

Crawford

et al. 2006

Journal of Periodontology

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“…However, they did not report any adjustment of confounding factors. Malthaner et al (2002) examined the relation between periodontal disease and asymptomatic coronary heart disease (CAD) where there was 50% stenosis in at least one of the epicardial arteries. Those without periodontal disease had less than 50% stenosis in these arteries.…”

Section: (Iv) Oral Health and Biomarkers Of Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease

Meurman

Sanz

Janket

2004

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

313

233

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During the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest in the impact of oral health on atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The advent of the inflammation paradigm in coronary pathogenesis stimulated research in chronic infections caused by a variety of micro-organisms-such as Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, and cytomegalovirus-as well as dental pathogens, since these chronic infections are thought to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of CVD by releasing cytokines and other pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor [TNF-␣]) that may initiate a cascade of biochemical reactions and cause endothelial damage and facilitate cholesterol plaque attachment. Yet, due to the multi-factorial nature of dental infection and CVD, confirming a causal association is difficult, and the published results are conflicting. The main deficit in the majority of these studies has been the inadequate control of numerous confounding factors, leading to an overestimation and the imprecise measurement of the predictor or overadjustment of the confounding variables, resulting in underestimation of the risks. A meta-analysis of prospective and retrospective followup studies has shown that periodontal disease may increase the risk of CVD by approximately 20% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.32). Similarly, the reported risk ratio between periodontal disease and stroke is even stronger, varying from 2.85 (CI 1.78-4.56) to 1.74 (CI 1.08-2.81). The association between peripheral vascular disease and oral health parameters has been explored in only two studies, and the resultant relative risks among individuals with periodontitis were 1.41 (CI 1.12-1.77) and 2.27 (CI 1.32-3.90), respectively. Overall, it appears that periodontal disease may indeed contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, although the statistical effect size is small.

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Investigation of the Association Between Angiographically Defined Coronary Artery Disease and Periodontal Disease

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

A cross-sectional survey to study the relationship of periodontal disease with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus

A cross-sectional survey to study the relationship of periodontal disease with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus

Angiographically Confirmed Coronary Heart Disease and Periodontal Disease in Middle‐Aged Males

Oral Health, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease

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