Investigation of the absorption of radio waves in the troposphere using radioastronomical methods

Kislyakov, A. G.; Stankevich, K. S.

doi:10.1007/bf01031599

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The differences at the initial height of splitting can be related to slow variations in the radio-signal amplitude. The existence of splitting is probably a signature of the presence of small, but tangible integral atmospheric absorption, whose value is, on the average, close to the values mentioned in [19] and the value 0.0096 ± 0.0024 dB/km of attenuation per unit length measured in [12,13,20] (curves 6-10 and curve B). Integral absorption is varied within the limits 0-30% in the altitude range 12-5 km (Fig.…”

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confidence: 58%

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Radio vision of the vertical structure of the layers and a study of radio-wave propagation conditions in the atmosphere using high-stability satellite signals

Pavelyev

2009

Radiophys Quantum El

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UDC 523.152.3From an analysis of the CHAMP (Germany) and satellite data it follows that the second-order time derivative of the eikonal (eikonal acceleration) and the Doppler frequency shift are two most important parameters indispensable for the radio vision of layers in the atmosphere and the ionosphere. Measurements of the temporal evolution of the Doppler shift permit one to study the vertical structure of the atmosphere under the condition of its spherical symmetry. Analysis of the amplitude and phase of interrelated variations in the eikonal acceleration and radio-wave intensity permits one to detect the layers in the atmosphere and the ionosphere. Eikonal variations are converted into refraction attenuation variations, which allows the integral absorption to be determined with the refraction effect on the radio-wave intensity cancelled out. This is necessary for measurements of the water-vapor density and gas minorities during multifrequency radio-occultation sounding along the satellite-to-satellite paths. The obtained results can be of common value for other remote-sounding paths, as well.Remote sounding of the Earth's ionosphere and atmosphere by two-position (radio-occultation) method is performed with the use of two satellites, one of which emits and another receives radio waves. As the satellites move in an orbit, the perigee of the ray trajectory crosses the ionosphere and the atmosphere in the vertical direction. Vertical profiles of phase and amplitude variations of a radio signal are recorded by a receiver onboard a low-orbit satellite. The mentioned profiles contain information on the refractive properties of the Earth's ionosphere and atmosphere near the perigee of a radio ray (or near its turning point at which the gradient of the refractive index is perpendicular to the ray path of the radio waves) [1-3]. This information is important for the real-time global monitoring of the ionosphere and the atmosphere as well as for estimation of conditions of radio communication on the satellite-to-satellite transionospheric paths.The radio-occultation sounding technique is based on the assumptions that the atmosphere and the ionosphere are spherically symmetric and that the effect of turbulent and irregular structures on the retrieved vertical profiles of the refractive index is insignificant. The first assumption is often not fulfilled because of the influence of the horizontal gradients and plasma disturbances in the lower ionosphere. Vertical profiles of the refractive index are usually determined by measurement of the Doppler shift of the radiowave frequency [1][2][3]. Information contained in the amplitude part of the radio holograms was almost not addressed earlier, and this fact impedes separation of the contributions from layers and from turbulent (small-scale) structures. An important relationship between the second-order time derivative (acceleration) of the eikonal, the Doppler frequency, and intensity variations of a radio-occultation signal was revealed by theoretical consideration and ex...

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confidence: 58%

“…2 (right panels). Smooth curves 2 correspond to the integral absorption Y (h) in atmospheric oxygen, which was calculated in accordance with [19]. Calculations show that the influence of the absorption in atmospheric oxygen can be tangible at altitudes less than 15 km.…”

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confidence: 99%

Radio vision of the vertical structure of the layers and a study of radio-wave propagation conditions in the atmosphere using high-stability satellite signals

Pavelyev

2009

Radiophys Quantum El

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“…In practice the value of the zenith opacity (optical depth) at millimeter wavelengths is usually derived from measurements of the atmosphere emission [15]. The sky brightness temperature in a flat layered atmosphere, neglecting the cosmic microwave background, equals to…”

Section: Methods For Measuring Atmospheric Opacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the measurements at two zenith angles (θ 1 and θ 2 ) the optical depth of the atmosphere in zenith in the first approximation can be obtained as [15] τ "…”

Section: Basics Of the "Sky Dip" Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where αpνq is the O 2 optical depth at the sea level and h 0 is the characteristic height usually adopted to be 5.3 km [15], although it can be somewhat different in different seasons [13]. Atmospheric transparency research is important not only for radio astronomy but also for telecommunications and radars.…”

Section: Measurements and Evaluations Of The Atmospheric Transparency...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements and Evaluations of the Atmospheric Transparency at Short Millimeter Wavelengths at the Candidate Sites for Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave Telescopes

Zinchenko,

Lapinov,

Vdovin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Radio astronomical observations at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths are a very important tool of astrophysical research. However, there is a huge area in the northern Eurasia, including the whole Russian territory, which lacks sufficiently large radio telescopes effectively operating at these wavelengths. In this review we describe our long-term efforts to find suitable sites for such radio telescopes in this area, that is, sites with good atmospheric transparency at millimeter and submillimeter waves. We describe methods and instruments used for measurements and evaluations of the atmospheric opacity. They include special radiometric systems, which are used for estimations of the atmospheric opacity from the sky brightness measurements. Evaluation of the precipitable water vapor from such measurements by the artificial neural network is discussed. Alternative approaches use global atmospheric models and signals of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems. To date, a long-term radiometric monitoring has been performed at several candidate sites and atmospheric conditions for many sites have been evaluated using global atmospheric models. Several sites with the best atmospheric transparency at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths have been selected. They can be effectively used for astronomical observations at least in the major atmospheric transparency windows at 1.3 mm and 0.85 mm. These results can be also used for space communications and radar systems.

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Microwave Radiometric Mapping of Broken Cumulus Cloud Fields from Space: Numerical Simulations

Kopcov

Ilyushin

Kutuza

et al. 2022

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Investigation of the absorption of radio waves in the troposphere using radioastronomical methods

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Radio vision of the vertical structure of the layers and a study of radio-wave propagation conditions in the atmosphere using high-stability satellite signals

Radio vision of the vertical structure of the layers and a study of radio-wave propagation conditions in the atmosphere using high-stability satellite signals

Measurements and Evaluations of the Atmospheric Transparency at Short Millimeter Wavelengths at the Candidate Sites for Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave Telescopes

Microwave Radiometric Mapping of Broken Cumulus Cloud Fields from Space: Numerical Simulations

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