Investigation of steady state rheological properties and sedimentation of coated and pure carbonyl iron particles based magneto-rheological fluids

Swaroop, Kumarswamy; Aruna, M.; Kumar, Hemantha; Rahman, Muneeb-Ur

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.364

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition, the viscosity of the MRF increases slightly with an increase in the coating chain length at the same shear rate, this is due to the formation of three-dimensional network structure of more complicated 53 . Under a magnetic field, the viscosity of the MRF decreases with an increase in the shear rate, demonstrating of a non-Newtonian fluids 31 , 54 – 56 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Chen,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The dispersion stability of carbonyl iron particle (CIP)-based magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is improved by CIP, which particle is etched with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form porous structure with many hydroxyl groups and subsequently coated with silane coupling agents that have varying chain lengths. The microstructures, coating effect and magnetism of the CIPs were examined using the Scanning Electron Microscopy, Automatic Surface and Porosity Analyzer (BET), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. Furthermore, the rheological properties and dispersion stability of the MRFs were assessed using a Rotating Rheometer and Turbiscan-lab. The results revealed that the nanoporous structure appeared on the CIPs and the specific surface area increased remarkably after being etched by hydrochloric acid. Additionally, as the chain length of the silane coupling agent increases, the coated mass on the particles increases, the the density and the saturation magnetization of particles decreased, and the coated particles with different shell thicknesses were obtained; without a magnetic field, the viscosity of MRF prepared by coated particles increase slightly, due to the enhancement of special three-dimensional network structure; under a magnetic field, the viscosity of the MRF decreased distinctly; the sedimentation rate of MRF decreased from 58 to 3.5% after 100 days of sedimentation, and the migration distances of the MRFs were 22.4, 3.7, 2.4, and 0 mm, with particle sedimentation rates of 0.149, 0.019, 0.017, and 0 mm/h, respectively. The MRF with high dispersion stability was obtained, and the etching of CIP by HCl and the proper chain length of the coating of silane coupling agent were proved effective manners to improve the dispersion stability of MRF.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Chen,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…After being etched with 0.50 mol/L HCl, the S BET of CIP increases to 37.7697 m 2 /g, and the S BJH and V BJH increases to 27.0089 m 2 /g and 0.026672 cm 3 /g, showing that the huge number of nanopores appear on the CIP. After being etched with HCl of 1.00 mol/L, the S BET of CIP increases to 43.5450 m 2 /g, and the S BJH and V BJH increases to 34.6350 m 2 /g and 0.033943 cm 3 /g. However, when the concentration of HCl reached 3 mol/L, the S BET , S BJH and V BJH decrease signi cantly, showing that the porous structures of particles disappear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The enhanced coating effect of carbonyl iron particles and improved dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Zhang,

Chen,

Guo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The coating effect of 1,2-bis(triethoxy-silyl)ethane (BTES) on the carbonyl iron particles (CIP) was enhanced through the etching of CIP by adjusting the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl), leading to a significant improvement in the dispersion stability of the magnetorheological fluid (MRF). The microstructures, coating effect and magnetism of the CIPs were examined using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), automatic surface and porosity analyzer (BTE), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Furthermore, the rheological properties and dispersion stability of the MRFs were assessed using a rotating rheometer and turbiscan-tower. The results shown that with the concentration of HCl increased, the nanopores appeared on the CIPs and then disappeared, and the specific surface area of the particles increased and then decreased. The number of nanopores sharply increased and the specific surface area of particles sharply increased to 37.7697 m2/g when the concentration of HCl reached to 0.50 mol/L. As the concentration of HCl increased, the coated mass of BTES on the particles increased. The coated mass loss was less than 1 wt.% when the concentration of HCl was below 0.50 mol/L, and the coated mass loss increased to 2.45 wt.% when the concentration of HCl was 0.5 mol/L, the coated mass was effectively enhanced by the HCl of higher concentration. As the concentration of HCl increased, the saturation magnetization of particles decreased, and a sharply decrease appeared when the concentration of HCl was 0.50 mol/L, the saturation magnetization of coated particles further decreased from 196.7 emu/g to 113.3 emu/g. As the coated mass of particles increased, the viscosity and shear stress of MRFs increased and the increase was significant when the coated mass loss of particles above 2.45 wt.% without a magnetic field, while which decreased under a magnetic filed. As the coated mass of particles increased, the sedimentation rate of particles decreased from 0.13 to 0.01 mm/h, when the coated mass loss of particles was more than 2.45 wt.%, the sedimentation rate of all MRFs were close to 0.01 mm/h. The coating effect was greatly enhanced by controlling the concentration of HCl, and thus the MRF with superior shear stress and excellent dispersion stability was obtained.

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“…Visual observation is the most frequently used method for studying the sedimentation stability of MR fluids because of its intuitiveness, simplicity, and efficiency. , Therefore, the visual observation method was used to evaluate the sedimentation stability of both the SO- and SO/IL-OH-based MR fluids. The two kinds of MR fluids were filled into the cuvettes, and their sedimentation height was recorded over a long timescale of 200 h. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experimental Studies of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Silicone Oil/Functionalized Ionic Liquid-Based Magnetorheological Fluid

Zhao

Tong

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are smart materials that show enormous potential in vibration control, mechanical engineering, etc. However, the effects of the solid–liquid interface strength and the interaction strength between carrier liquid molecules on the mechanical properties and sedimentation stability of MR fluids have always been unresolved issues. This work presents a new type of MR fluid that has a novel carrier liquid, i.e., silicone oil (SO) mixed with a hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquid (IL-OH). An all-atomic Fe/SO/IL-OH interface model for studying the relationship between mechanical properties and interface strength and intermolecular interactions is established. On the basis of simulation results and theoretical analyses, the mechanical properties and sedimentation stability of the SO/IL-OH-based MR fluids are thoroughly investigated by experiments. The results show that functional ionic liquids significantly improve the mechanical properties and sedimentation stability of MR fluids. These results are essentially attributed to the stronger solid–liquid interface strength, van der Waals forces, and hydrogen bonds between the silicone oil and the functional ionic liquid. The explicit results not only help elucidate the numerous phenomena involved in the research process for MR fluids at the atomic scale but also provide insightful information on the fabrication of high-performance MR fluids.

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Investigation of steady state rheological properties and sedimentation of coated and pure carbonyl iron particles based magneto-rheological fluids

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

The enhanced coating effect of carbonyl iron particles and improved dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experimental Studies of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Silicone Oil/Functionalized Ionic Liquid-Based Magnetorheological Fluid

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