Investigation of Some Biochemical Parameters in Subject with HbSC and HbSS in Saki West Local Government - a Rural Community in Nigeria

Abstract

Background: HbSS and HbSC are a group of genetic blood disorders. They are examples of sickle cell diseases.The complication of sickle cell disease could affect spleen, brain, eyes, lungs, liver, heart, kidneys, penis, joints, bones, or skin. Aim and Objective: This work was designed to measure plasma ALT, AST, Albumin,Se, Zn and Uric acid in HbSS and HbSC patients in Saki-West Local Government area of Oyo state-Nigeria. Materials and Methods: HbSS and HbSC patients in crisis and in non-crisis steady state classified into HbSC (n=25) and HbSS (n=25) aged 10 to 31 years were recruited as test subjects for the study. Apparently healthy 50 HbAA volunteers classified into female (n=25) and male (n=25) aged 10 -50 years were also studied as control. Subjects residing in Saki-West for not less than 5 years were recruited as test and control subjects. Plasma Albumin, Uric acid, ALT(Alanine Transaminase), AST(Aspartate Trans aminase) were determined biochemically bt spectrophotometry.Plasma Zn (Zinc) and Se (Selenium) were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Results: The result obtained showed a significantly higher mean value of plasma ALT and AST in HbSC and HbSS than HbAA with p<0.05. The result also showed a significantly lower plasma selenium mean value in HbSC and HbSS than HbAA with p<0.05 This biochemical alterations including plasma Zn was more in crisis than in non-crisis steady state. Conclusion and Recommendation: Decreased plasma level of Selenium and increased plasma AST and ALT were found in HbSS and HbSC patients. This biochemical alterations including plasma Zn was more in crisis than in non-crisis steady state.