Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital indoor air of COVID-19 patients’ ward with impinger method

Vosoughi, Mehdi; Karami, Chiman; Dargahi, Abdollah; Jeddi, Farhad; Jalali, Kamyar Mazloum; Hadisi, Aidin; Haghighi, Somayeh Biparva; Dogahe, Hadi Peeri; Noorimotlagh, Zahra; Mirzaee, Seyyed Abbas

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14260-3

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In indoor environments, most of the research efforts have been focused on measuring airborne viral particle concentrations in hospitals, intensive care units, and quarantine areas showing that concentrations could be higher compared to outdoor (Borges et al 2021;Chia et al 2020;Ge et al 2020;Hu et al 2020;Jin et al 2020;Lednicky et al 2020;Liu et al 2020;Razzini et al 2020;Santarpia et al 2020;Passos et al 2021;Vosoughi et al 2021). However, other studies reported no detectable airborne viral RNA even in proximity of COVID-19 patients (Cheng et al 2020;Faridi et al 2020;Ong et al 2020;Dumont-Leblond et al 2021;Hemati et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor community environments in Italy

Conte

Feltracco

Chirizzi

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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COVID-19 pandemic raised a debate regarding the role of airborne transmission. Information regarding virus-laden aerosol concentrations is still scarce in community indoors and what are the risks for general public and the efficiency of restriction policies. This work investigates, for the first time in Italy, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in air samples collected in different community indoors (one train station, two food markets, one canteen, one shopping centre, one hair salon, and one pharmacy) in three Italian cities: metropolitan city of Venice (NE of Italy), Bologna (central Italy), and Lecce (SE of Italy). Air samples were collected during the maximum spread of the second wave of pandemic in Italy (November and December 2020). All collected samples tested negative for the presence of SARS-CoV-2, using both real-time RT-PCR and ddPCR, and no significant differences were observed comparing samples taken with and without customers. Modelling average concentrations, using influx of customers’ data and local epidemiological information, indicated low values (i.e. < 0.8 copies m −3 when cotton facemasks are used and even lower for surgical facemasks). The results, even if with some limitations, suggest that the restrictive policies enforced could effectively reduce the risk of airborne transmissions in the community indoor investigated, providing that physical distance is respected. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-021-16737-7.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor community environments in Italy

Conte

Feltracco

Chirizzi

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Since the COVID‐19 outbreak, several research groups worldwide have analyzed the presence of airborne SARS‐CoV‐2 in hospital wards using different procedures, yielding very different results. Hence, the virus could be detected in a variable number of samples in some studies, 6,8–13 while in others it was not detected in any sample 14–18 . These mixed results might be in part explained by the type of air sampler used; differences in sample storage conditions and processing; the efficiency of the RNA extraction protocol; and the components selected for retrotranscription and virus genome detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

SARS‐CoV‐2 detection in bioaerosols using a liquid impinger collector and ddPCR

et al. 2022

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The airborne route is the dominant form of COVID‐19 transmission, and therefore, the development of methodologies to quantify SARS‐CoV‐2 in bioaerosols is needed. We aimed to identify SARS‐CoV‐2 in bioaerosols by using a highly efficient sampler for the collection of 1–3 µm particles, followed by a highly sensitive detection method. 65 bioaerosol samples were collected in hospital rooms in the presence of a COVID‐19 patient using a liquid impinger sampler. The SARS‐CoV‐2 genome was detected by ddPCR using different primer/probe sets. 44.6% of the samples resulted positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 following this protocol. By increasing the sampled air volume from 339 to 650 L, the percentage of positive samples went from 41% to 50%. We detected five times less positives with a commercial one‐step RT‐PCR assay. However, the selection of primer/probe sets might be one of the most determining factor for bioaerosol SARS‐CoV‐2 detection since with the ORF1ab set more than 40% of the samples were positive, compared to <10% with other sets. In conclusion, the use of a liquid impinger collector and ddPCR is an adequate strategy to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 in bioaerosols. However, there are still some methodological aspects that must be adjusted to optimize and standardize a definitive protocol.

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“…Methods that have been applied to attempts to detect airborne SARS-CoV-2 include glass fiber filter [8], gelatin filters [9] various other kinds of filters [10], condensate capture [11][12][13][14], NIOSH vortex sampler [15][16][17] electrostatic aerosol to hydrosol [18], SKC Impinger [19], personal environmental monitor [20], Sioutas Cascade Impactor [21].or bubbling through triazole [22]. One study made use of the AirAnswers® to show presence of airborne SARS-CoV-2 associated with the choir in a high school [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of indoor biological air quality at a mass gathering event in an unimproved exhibition facility during the COVID-19 pandemic using a novel air sampling technology

Gordon¹,

Abdullah²,

Reboulet³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The objective was to evaluate the determination of biomarkers of air quality during a mass gathering event at a convention center using a novel air sampling device, AirAnswers®. This sampler has previously only been used in smaller locations. Here it was run at five crowded locations within the exhibit area for the four days duration of a trade show. The AirAnswers® device uses electro-kinetic flow to sample air at high rates and capture bio-aerosols on grounded electrodes in assayable form. Cartridges were removed from the devices and immediately conveyed to the Inspirotec facility in North Chicago, where assays were performed. Biomarkers determined were for allergens and molds previously described for this system. Testing for a new marker, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA was also included. The method was validated by determination of capture efficiency with reference to an impinger sampler in a Class III controlled environment chamber. Average capture efficiency for triplicate runs was 14%. One SARS-CoV-2 positive sample as found at the registration area, which was physically separate from the main exhibit area. Cat allergen Fel d 1was found in four of the locations, dog allergen Can f 1 at two. The airborne biomarker of mold proliferation, (1→3)-β-D-Glucan, was above the assay range in all locations. The widespread presence of this mold marker could be accounted for by signs of water leakage. A generic 18S RNA marker for mold was developed and similarly showed the presence of mold in all locations, as was a genus marker for penicillium. A species marker for Cladosporium cladosporioides was in two locations. Species markers for Eurotium amstelodami and Trichoderma viride were each in a single location. The main findings were of the widespread presence of mold markers, and the sporadic appearance of SARS-CoV-2. Masking was recommended but not enforced.

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Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital indoor air of COVID-19 patients’ ward with impinger method

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Airborne concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor community environments in Italy

Airborne concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor community environments in Italy

SARS‐CoV‐2 detection in bioaerosols using a liquid impinger collector and ddPCR

Assessment of indoor biological air quality at a mass gathering event in an unimproved exhibition facility during the COVID-19 pandemic using a novel air sampling technology

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