“…where d v is the damping constant, K v is the input gain and I v is the inertial constant, all of the steering system. In this work, the parameters used were K v = 10.0, I v = 1 and d v = 10.0, which corresponded to the 0.1 s time constant used in Bosserd II (2007). Closed loop responses with all three models were studied over a range of forward velocities using an eigenvalue maps, damping ratio plot, and settling distance plot.…”