Investigation of rice husk semi-continuous combustion in suspension furnace to produce amorphous silica in ash

Steven, Soen; Pasymi, Pasymi; Hernowo, Pandit; Restiawaty, Elvi; Bindar, Yazid

doi:10.1007/s13399-023-04777-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Gas emissions should be suppressed in number by creating near-perfect incineration conditions 49) . It can be realized by adding the amount of air to create a turbulence effect (mixing waste and air) and improve the incineration system [50][51][52][53] . The quencher decreases the flue gas temperature by transferring sensible heat to the water until it evaporates.…”

Section: Flue Gas Characterization Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Reduction through Incineration for Electricity Purposes and Its Environmental Performance: A Case Study in Bantargebang, West Java, Indonesia

Febijanto,

Steven,

Nadirah

et al. 2024

Evergreen

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The incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) effectively reduces waste and has a side product, such as electricity. The waste-to-energy (WTE) power plant in Bantargebang is the first national pilot plant facility in Indonesia using moving grate incinerator (MGI) technology, with a 100 tons/day design capacity and a maximum design of electricity power output of 750 kW. The main challenge of WTE in Indonesia is high moisture content (MC) and unsorted waste. Hence, it is imperative to include the pre-treatment facility through waste drying and sorting. In this work, over 241 working days from January to December 2022, approximately 15,451.35 tons of MSW (averaging 70.55 tons/day) have been incinerated at an average temperature of 613.8 o C. Waste pretreatment alleviates waste MC from 20.13% to 8.59%. This process achieves a significant waste mass reduction of 81.52-96.50%. In addition, the system generates superheated steam at maximum values of 5000 kg/h, 340 o C, and 38-39 barA. The total electrical energy generated (956.04 MWh) is used to supply the electrical energy demand of the internal plant operation (1368.78 MWh). Moreover, the wastewater and flue gas in this WTE have successfully been processed by the pollution control systems to meet national standards. The fly and bottom ash from MSW incineration have proven harmless and suitable for construction material or cement admixture. This work conclusively shows that WTE Bantargebang provides positive implementation in almost all aspects, encompasses a significant amount of waste reduction, satisfying incineration performance, a significant amount of electricity generated, and the environmental performance does not harm the surroundings. Related to the performance deficiencies found is expected can be a valuable input for WTE development in Indonesia.

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Section: Flue Gas Characterization Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Reduction through Incineration for Electricity Purposes and Its Environmental Performance: A Case Study in Bantargebang, West Java, Indonesia

Febijanto,

Steven,

Nadirah

et al. 2024

Evergreen

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“…500 g of washed bamboo leaf powder was then combusted at 700 C for 2 h. The operating condition of combustion was chosen to avoid crystalline silica in the ash. [11,15] Subsequently, 100 g of the obtained ash was washed again for 1 h with 400 mL of 1 mol/L HCl. The washed ash was then rinsed with demineralized water.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Bio-silica Nanoparticles From Bamboo Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5,6] On the other hand, several crops can naturally convert mono-silicic acid from the soil to silica by the oxolation process. [7,8] Crops with rich silica content include bamboo (leaves), [9][10][11][12] rice and corn (husks), [13][14][15] and sugarcane (stems as bagasse). [16][17][18] Bamboo crops (Phyllostachys pubescens) are widely found in tropical countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of purity and yield of amorphous bio‐silica nanoparticles synthesized from bamboo leaves

Bindar,

Ramli,

Steven

et al. 2023

Can J Chem Eng

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The fallen yellowish bamboo leaves around bamboo crops are always overlooked even though they contain high silica in their ash. Bamboo leaf valorization consequently has the potential to be a green process for synthesizing amorphous silica. Unfortunately, the optimum process parameters have not been widely disclosed. Hence, this study intends to optimize the synthesis of amorphous bio‐silica nanoparticles from bamboo leaves using Box–Behnken design (BBD). Bamboo leaves were initially washed with HCl, followed by combustion at 700°C, and then ash washing, extraction of silica with NaOH (sol–gel method), gelation, and drying. According to the results, optimum conditions occur under no acid washing of leaves, solvent‐to‐feed ratio = 5 mL/g, and extraction duration = 1.5 h. The optimum conditions give the highest purity (94.1 wt.%) and yield (42.33%) as well as the highest surface area (328.61 m2/g), smallest pore diameter (8.69 nm), and largest pore volume (0.71 cc/g) of bio‐silica nanoparticles. Furthermore, bio‐silica nanoparticles are amorphous, spherical‐shaped aggregates, and have a white powdered colour.

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“…In addition, the fact that fossil resources continue to be depleted also requires the search for alternative, renewable, and more sustainable resources [6][7][8][9] . Biomass from agricultural and forestry residues can be considered a potential source of production of biofuels or chemicals [10][11][12] . Most of the residues are overlooked and are just piled up in landfills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Corn Cob Sustainable Valorization to Fuel-Grade Bioethanol: A Simulation Study Using Superpro Designer®

Steven,

Neng Tresna Umi Culsum,

Intan Clarissa Sophiana

et al. 2023

Evergreen

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The massive dependence on fossil fuels to produce ethanol has damaged the environment. This compels the quest for other alternatives using lignocellulosic materials (2 nd generation bioethanol) so as not to compete and disturb food security purposes. The promising biomass to be valorized is corn cob because of its high productivity and short harvest period. Coupled with the fact that simulation studies of its fermentation with Zymomonas mobilis to produce bioethanol are still lacking, a corn cob sustainable valorization to fuel-grade bioethanol is hence disclosed. Superpro Designer 8.5 ® was employed for simulation. Corn cob undergoes pretreatment, 2-h hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose, delignification, 48-h glucose and xylose anaerobic fermentation, cells removal, vaporation, and distillation. Bioethanol is produced at 10.85%-wt from direct fermentation. Subsequently, the 1 st distillation (13 actual stages number) upgrades its concentration to 92.34%-wt. The second one (23 actual stages number) rectifies up to 99.96% and the product finally meets the criteria of fuel grade. Afterward, the calculated yield is 0.35 g/g corn cob or 44.30% based on glucose and xylose. Several by-products are also produced and to comply with the concept of sustainability, water is returned to the river, lignin and extractives are utilized for phenolic producers, wet CO2 gas is proposed for microalgae inorganic carbon sources, and stillage is returned to nature as liquid fertilizer.

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Investigation of rice husk semi-continuous combustion in suspension furnace to produce amorphous silica in ash

Cited by 8 publications

References 55 publications

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Reduction through Incineration for Electricity Purposes and Its Environmental Performance: A Case Study in Bantargebang, West Java, Indonesia

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Reduction through Incineration for Electricity Purposes and Its Environmental Performance: A Case Study in Bantargebang, West Java, Indonesia

Optimization of purity and yield of amorphous bio‐silica nanoparticles synthesized from bamboo leaves

Potential of Corn Cob Sustainable Valorization to Fuel-Grade Bioethanol: A Simulation Study Using Superpro Designer®

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