Investigation of Residual DNAs in Sugar from Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Oguchi, Taichi; Onishi, Mari; Chikagawa, Yukie; Kodama, Takashi; Suzuki, Emiri; Kasahara, Masaki; Akiyama, Hiroshi; Teshima, Reiko; Futo, Satoshi; Hino, Akihiro; Furui, Satoshi; Kitta, Kazumi

doi:10.3358/shokueishi.50.41

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Similarly, no heterologous DNA was detected in clarified juice and downstream products including raw sugar. These results are in agreement with the results of other studies that investigated the degradation of specific DNA fragments inserted into genetically modified sugarcane (NptII) or glyphosate-resistant sugar beet (CP4 EPSPS) that reported the complete elimination of the inserted DNA during processing to refined sugar (Klein et al, 1998; Oguchi et al, 2009; Joyce et al, 2013). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Lack of Detection of Bt Sugarcane Cry1Ab and NptII DNA and Proteins in Sugarcane Processing Products Including Raw Sugar

Cheavegatti-Gianotto

Gentile

Oldemburgo

et al. 2018

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Brazil is the largest sugarcane producer and the main sugar exporter in the world. The industrial processes applied by Brazilian mills are very efficient in producing highly purified sugar and ethanol. Literature presents evidence of lack of DNA/protein in these products, regardless of the nature of sugarcane used as raw material. Recently CTNBio, the Brazilian biosafety authority, has approved the first biotechnology-derived sugarcane variety for cultivation, event CTC175-A, which expresses the Cry1Ab protein to control the sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis). The event also expresses neomycin-phosphotransferase type II (NptII) protein used as selectable marker during the transformation process. Because of the high purity of sugar and ethanol produced from genetically modified sugarcane, these end-products should potentially be classified as “pure substances, chemically defined,” by Brazilian Biosafety Law No. 11.105. If this classification is to be adopted, these substances are not considered as “GMO derivatives” and fall out of the scope of Law No. 11.105. In order to assess sugar composition and quality, we evaluate Cry1Ab and NptII expression in several sugarcane tissues and in several fractions from laboratory-scale processing of event CTC175-A for the presence of these heterologous proteins as well as for the presence of traces of recombinant DNA. The results of these studies show that CTC175-A presents high expression of Cry1Ab in leaves and barely detectable expression of heterologous proteins in stalks. We also evaluated the presence of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase protein and DNA in the fractions of the industrial processing of conventional Brazilian sugarcane cultivars. Results from both laboratory and industrial processing were concordant, demonstrating that DNA and protein are not detected in the clarified juice and downstream processed fractions, including ethanol and raw sugar, indicating that protein and DNA are removed and/or degraded during processing. In conclusion, the processing of conventional sugarcane and CTC175-A Bt event results in downstream products with no detectable concentrations of heterologous DNA or new protein. These results help in the classification of sugar and ethanol derived from CTC175-A event as pure, chemically defined substances in Brazil and may relieve regulatory burdens in countries that import Brazilian sugar.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Lack of Detection of Bt Sugarcane Cry1Ab and NptII DNA and Proteins in Sugarcane Processing Products Including Raw Sugar

Cheavegatti-Gianotto

Gentile

Oldemburgo

et al. 2018

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Our inability to PCR amplify full–length barcodes from saw palmetto herbal supplements was not unexpected: the processing of plant materials frequently results in highly fragmented DNA, particularly if the samples are heated42434445464748495051. Failure of PCR amplification from degraded DNA samples is frequently reported when amplicons are greater than 200 bp42434445464748495051, thus one cannot expect full–length barcodes to reliably amplify from processed materials given that the median full–length matK barcode is 889 bp (IQR = 880–889)21 and rbcL is uniformly 654 bp21.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Failure of PCR amplification from degraded DNA samples is frequently reported when amplicons are greater than 200 bp42434445464748495051, thus one cannot expect full–length barcodes to reliably amplify from processed materials given that the median full–length matK barcode is 889 bp (IQR = 880–889)21 and rbcL is uniformly 654 bp21. Mini–barcodes were thus designed to ensure PCR amplification from degraded samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Barcode Authentication of Saw Palmetto Herbal Dietary Supplements

Little

Jeanson

2013

Sci Rep

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Herbal dietary supplements made from saw palmetto (Serenoa repens; Arecaceae) fruit are commonly consumed to ameliorate benign prostate hyperplasia. A novel DNA mini–barcode assay to accurately identify [specificity = 1.00 (95% confidence interval = 0.74–1.00); sensitivity = 1.00 (95% confidence interval = 0.66–1.00); n = 31] saw palmetto dietary supplements was designed from a DNA barcode reference library created for this purpose. The mini–barcodes were used to estimate the frequency of mislabeled saw palmetto herbal dietary supplements on the market in the United States of America. Of the 37 supplements examined, amplifiable DNA could be extracted from 34 (92%). Mini–barcode analysis of these supplements demonstrated that 29 (85%) contain saw palmetto and that 2 (6%) supplements contain related species that cannot be legally sold as herbal dietary supplements in the United States of America. The identity of 3 (9%) supplements could not be conclusively determined.

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“…If non‐GR crops are grown in the rotation with GR sugar beet, the potential for GR weed selection is reduced. Sugar beet is a biennial plant, so pollen‐mediated gene flow is not an issue because the crop is harvested after the first season of growth. This is not to ignore the fact that there are challenges with pollen‐mediated gene flow in sugar beet seed production areas (primarily western Oregon) because of the presence of other crops producing Beta vulgaris seeds, such as table beet and Swiss chard. Processing harvested roots to extract sucrose degrades DNA in the raw juice and subsequent refining so that no DNA is present in the finished sugar product Processed GR beet sugar is identical to non‐GR beet sugar, as well as cane sugar …”

Section: Agronomic Value Of Gr Sugar Beetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of glyphosate‐resistant sugar beet

Morishita

2017

Pest Management Science

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Glyphosate-resistant (GR) sugar beet became commercially available to US sugar beet growers in 2008 and was rapidly adopted. Prior to the availability of GR sugar beet, growers would commonly make 3-5 herbicide applications. This often resulted in some crop injury, but was accepted to reduce the impact of weeds. In addition, non-GR sugar beet was cultivated 1-3 times and often followed by hand weeding. The introduction of GR sugar beet drastically reduced the complexity of weed management. Concerns about GR weeds in the United States also apply to sugar beet growers. Changes in weed management strategies will be required to keep this technology. Sugar beet is arguably one of the most suitable crops for GR technology because: (1) none of the herbicides registered for use in this crop was very effective without risking crop injury; (2) sugar beet cannot be grown in the same field year after year owing to disease concerns and thus requires a 3-4 year rotation; (3) pollen-mediated gene flow is negligible from the sugar beet crop because it is a biennial and harvested before it flowers; (4) the processing of harvested roots to extract the sucrose rapidly degrades the DNA in the extracted raw juice and subsequent refining so that no DNA is present in the finished sugar; (5) studies have shown that processed GR beet sugar is identical to non-GR beet sugar, as well as cane sugar. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Investigation of Residual DNAs in Sugar from Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Lack of Detection of Bt Sugarcane Cry1Ab and NptII DNA and Proteins in Sugarcane Processing Products Including Raw Sugar

Lack of Detection of Bt Sugarcane Cry1Ab and NptII DNA and Proteins in Sugarcane Processing Products Including Raw Sugar

DNA Barcode Authentication of Saw Palmetto Herbal Dietary Supplements

Impact of glyphosate‐resistant sugar beet

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